introduction one of the best methods in the diagnosis and control of breast cancer is mammography. the importance of mammography is directly related to its value in the detection of breast cancer in the early stages, which leads to a more effective treatment. the purpose of this article was to calculate the x-ray spectrum in a mammography system with monte carlo codes, including mcnpx and mcnp5...

Standard plume models can underestimate the gamma-ray dose when most of the radioactive material is above the heads of the receptors. Typically, a model is used to calculate the air concentration at the height of the receptor, and the dose is calculated by multiplying the air concentration by a concentration-to-dose conversion factor. Models indicate that if the plume is emitted from a stack du...

background: miniature neutron sources with high neutron flux have abundant applications in medicine, industry and researches. the most important general characteristic of miniature neutron sources is their diameter which is 3mm in average. in this research, we have surveyed and designed an am-be miniature neutron source fabrication. materials and methods: this investigation resulted in creation...

Monte Carlo calculations are frequently used to analyse a variety of radiological science applications using low-energy (10-1000 keV) photon sources. This study seeks to create a low-energy benchmark for the MCNP Monte Carlo code by simulating the absolute dose rate in water and the air-kerma rate for monoenergetic point sources with energies between 10 keV and 1 MeV. The analysis compares four...

Response functions of a 3×3 in. NaI detector, which is mainly used in PGNAA applications, have been calculated by using MCNP-4C code. Calculated results are compared with measured data by using standard γ-ray sources to check their accuracy. γ-rays from radioisotope sources were used in the range from 0.081 to 4.438 MeV for this determination. Through the precise modeling of the detector struct...

Response functions of a 3×3 in. NaI detector, which is mainly used in PGNAA applications, have been calculated by using MCNP-4C code. Calculated results are compared with measured data by using standard -ray sources to check their accuracy. -rays from radioisotope sources were used in the range from 0.081 to 4.438 MeV for this determination. Through the precise modeling of the detector structur...

The calculation of nuclear parameters within fusion facilities is complicated by the complex geometry and large size of the proposed buildings housing the reactors. These complications make it impossible to use a single model, or code, to calculate the transport of neutrons from the plasma out into the rest of the building. In this paper, coupling two calculational models is demonstrated in cal...