In this paper, we introduce a unified spatial masking function for the estimation of just-noticeable difference (JND). Conventional models estimate several parts independently, and then combine these parts to get the JND. In this work, we treat the spatial masking effect as a nonlinear transformation of the luminance adaptation. To model the transformation, we measure the deviation of image con...

The masking of bitterness is considered important because many pharmaceutical compounds have a bitter taste. The bitterness-masking effect of powdered roasted soybeans (PRS) was investigated using a bitter taste sensor. PRS was revealed to significantly suppress the bitterness of quinine hydrochloride and denatonium benzoate. Furthermore, the bitterness-masking mechanism of PRS extracts was eva...

Image-Adaptive watermarking systems exploit visual models to adapt the watermark to local properties of the host image. This leads to a watermark power enhancement, hence an improved resilience against different attacks, while keeping the mark imperceptible. Visual models consider different properties of the human visual system, such as frequency sensitivity, luminance sensitivity and contrast ...

In the visual masking effect, metacontrast, the perceived brightness, of a flash of light is reduced by the presentation of a second flash in an adjacent region of the visual field . A metacontrast masking interaction between different colour mechanisms is examined in the present study . The spectral compositions and intensities of the stimuli are chosen so that the first (test) flash preferent...

The masking effect of three types of music and white masking noise upon special audiometric tests was determined in laboratory c. The stimulus-noise (S/N) ratio was found to be the most considerable factor influencing oral information processing in spite of the type of music or noise used as a masking agent. All types of music (modern, classic or modern music records in backwards order) showed ...

Bright light suppresses locomotor activity in mice (negative masking) but dim light augments activity (positive masking). Retinal degeneration slow mice (rds/rds) were tested for responses to light at 3 months, 1 and 2 years old. The suppressive effect of light increased between 1 and 2 years, but the positive response to dim lights was severely reduced at 1 year. No such effects occurred in ag...

One common visual optimization strategy for image compression is to exploit the visual masking effect where artifacts are locally masked by the image acting as a background signal. In this paper, we present a point-wise extended visual masking approach that nonlinearly maps the wavelet coefficients to a perceptually uniform domain prior to quantization by taking advantages of both selfcontrast ...

When the lifetimes data from the parallel system are masked and the masking probability is dependent with the failure component, we consider the reliability estimations of generalized Rayleigh components in the parallel system. Based on the given masking level and masking probability ratio, Maximum Likelihood Estimations (MLE) and Bayes estimations of parameters are obtained respectively. At la...

The threshold masking effect of one simultaneously presented grating upon another was studied as a function of mask contrast and frequency. The masking function typically obeys Weber's Law with method-of-adjustment psychophysics, and typically does not with forced-choice. This apparent discrepancy was studied in some detail. We suggest that thresholds can be set with at least two different crit...