Given the present lack of clinically useful tests for the accurate diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy (EP), there is a need to select out those immunological factors measured in the maternal serum, as potential biomarkers. Our assumption was that C1q/anti-C1q antibody complexes and serum levels of interleukin-15 (IL-15) may play a role in differentiating abortions (MAs) and EPs and normal pregnanci...

seedlessness is the most important trait in table grape and raisin industry which has attracted breeders from long ago. breeding grapes by traditional methods result in low number of seedless progenies and their selection requires long time. therefore, marker-assisted selection (mas) can overcome the selection difficulty and would decrease high cost of progeny maintenance for several years. in ...

Marker-assisted selection (MAS) has become the technology of choice for introgressing important traits with indistinct phenotypes into agronomically elite cultivars. Karnal bunt (KB, causal agent Tilletia indicaMitra) is an economically important fungal pathogen of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) which has caused economic losses in the USA since it was first reported in 1996. To protect U.S. wheat...

The efficiency of marker-assisted selection (MAS) based on an index incorporating both phenotypic and molecular information is evaluated with an analytical approach that takes into account the size of the experiment. We consider the case of a population derived from a cross between two homozygous lines, which is commonly used in plant breeding, and we study the relative efficiency of MAS compar...

Molecular markers are useful for the identification of critical genes controlling agricultural traits of interest in crop germplasm and for the use of these genes in crop improvement using marker-assisted selection (MAS). The improvement of blast disease resistance of rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties is one of the major goals for rice breeders. The blast resistance (R) gene Pi66(t) was previous...

Over the past decade in North America and Europe, winter losses of honey bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae) colonies have increased dramatically. Scientific consensus attributes these losses to multifactorial causes including altered parasite and pathogen profiles, lack of proper nutrition due to agricultural monocultures, exposure to pesticides, management, and weather. One method to reduce colony loss...

the purpose of this study was to investigate the validity of the modified ashworth scale (mas) by using both the conventional (hmax/mmax ratio) and the new indicators (hslp/mslp) of motoneuron excitability. this research was a correlational study on twenty post-stroke patients. main outcome measures were the mas and electrophysiologic assessments. the latter was performed using both conventiona...

Rice fragrance is one of the most important and determining factors in rice quality. Aromatic rice is a special group considered to be of the best quality. It is important to know the physiological behavior and genetic source of aromatic rice in order to improve breeding programs. In this research, thirteen rice cultivars were used for molecular and biochemical evaluations. The research populat...

Willow species (Salix) are important as short-rotation biomass crops for bioenergy, which creates a demand for faster genetic improvement and breeding through deployment of molecular marker-assisted selection (MAS). To find markers associated with important adaptive traits, such as growth and phenology, for use in MAS, we genetically dissected the trait variation of a Salix viminalis (L.) popul...