Autophagy Deficiency Promotes -Lactam Production in Penicillium chrysogenum † Magdalena Bartoszewska, Jan A. K. W. Kiel, Roel A. L. Bovenberg, Marten Veenhuis, and Ida J. van der Klei* Molecular Cell Biology, and Kluyver Centre for Genomics of Industrial Fermentation, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 14, 9750 AA Haren, Netherlands, and DSM Biotechnology Center, P.O. Box 425, 2600 AK, Delft, Ne...

Understanding the interactions between species and their coexistence mechanisms will help explain biodiversity maintenance and enable managers to make sound conservation decisions. Mesocarnivores are abundant and diverse mid-sized carnivores and can have profound impacts on the function, structure and dynamics of ecosystem after the extirpation of apex predators in many ecosystems. The moist te...

Holger Dressel ([email protected]) Laura Filser ([email protected]) Rainald Fischer ([email protected]) Katharina Marten ([email protected]) Ullrich Müller-Lisse ([email protected]) Dorothea de la Motte ([email protected]) Dennis Nowak ([email protected]) Rudolf M Huber ([email protected]...

American marten (Martes americana) have a close association with mature temperate forests, a habitat that expanded throughout the Pacific Northwest as glaciers receded at the end of the Pleistocene. Similar to several other forest-associated mammals in North America (e.g. black bear), genetic analysis of the marten shows a deep phylogeographical subdivision that reflects populations with distin...

Species socio-ecologies are a key determinant of their ecological niche, and although dynamic, linked to environmental stochasticity, availability resources, inter- intraspecific competition, socio-ecological theory under its prevailing framework inadequately captures the transient nature this multi-faceted spectrum. Cooperative foraging is an example advanced social behavior that functions rel...