I 1 . The debtor groups and the movement of debt ratios . . . . . . . 159 A . The debtor groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159 B . Recent trade developments for the debtor groups . . . . . . 160 C . The evolution of debt ratios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163 Ill . Developing country-OECD linkages and the debt model . . . . . . 166 A . The debt model . . . . . . . . . . ....

This paper examines how external governance pressure provided by both the product market and the market for corporate control affects a borrowing firm’s choice of debt source. Using reductions in import tariffs to capture exogenous changes in a firm’s competitive environment, we find that increased product market competition has a significant negative impact on a firm’s reliance on bank debt fi...

We find evidence that a significant part of the surge in the spreads of the PIGS countries in the Eurozone during 2010-11 was disconnected from underlying increases in the debt to GDP ratios, and was the result of negative market sentiments that became very strong since the end of 2010. We also find evidence that after years of neglecting high government debt, investors became increasingly worr...

How did the crisis impact financial intermediation? We address this question by studying a unique market segment, viz. foreign private debt issued in the U.S, which grew in size despite the financial crisis. Specifically foreign private (or Rule 144A) debt issued in U.S. registered over a five-fold increase compared to public (or Yankee) debt between pre-crisis and crisis periods, while at the ...

We studied systemic risk in European sovereign debt markets before and after the onset of the Greek debt crisis, taking the conditional value-at-risk (CoVaR) as a systemic risk measure, characterized and computed using copulas. We found that, before the debt crisis, sovereign debt markets were all coupled and systemic risk was similar for all countries. However, with the onset of the Greek cris...

This study aims to analyze differences in the company's financial performance before & after merger of PT Holcim Indonesia Tbk. The is measured using ratios: liquidity ratios (current ratio cash ratio), solvency (debt debt equity activity (total assets turn over fixed over), profitability (nett profit margin gross margin), market (earnings per share price earnings ratio). quantitative metho...

The market for interest rate swaps has grown consistently since its inception. Swaps involve “swapping” fixed interest rate debt for variable rate debt. We explain this growth using a game theoretic model. We focus on managerial and owner compensation differences under swaps and open market restructuring. We conclude that swaps occur because the swap market incorporates information about the fi...

This paper attempts to extract real-time market-based estimates of the default probabilities on Government debt for a selection of European countries, using a technique applied by Bierman and Hass (1979) and Fons (1987) in the corporate debt market. The technique involves solving the debt pricing equation for the martingale probabilities which under the no-arbitrage assumption equate the price ...

This study investigates the long-run return performance following sell-off announcements of UK companies that apply the proceeds either for debt reduction or investment. Consistent with existing literature, we find that debt reduction sellers enjoy higher announcement time market reactions. In contrast, the subsequent longrun return performance is negative for the debt reduction sellers and pos...

Indicators of the financial condition of the multifamily housing stock can potentially inform several policy issues, such as the loss of affordable rental units, multifamily developers’ access to capital, and the emerging secondary mortgage market for multifamily properties. Several rules of thumb exist for assessing financial condition. This article uses the Residential Finance Survey to inves...