Aquaculture of the geoduck, Panopea generosaGould, 1850, has increased dramatically during the past decade in southern Puget Sound, WA, and the effects of these intertidal aquaculture geoduck beds on local fauna is mostly unknown. This study examined the species composition, relative abundances, and biodiversity indices of mobile benthic fauna in geoduck farm areas of southern Puget Sound. Surv...

Salmonid farming in Ireland is mostly organic, which implies limited disease treatment options. This highlights the importance of biosecurity for preventing the introduction and spread of infectious agents. Similarly, the effect of local network properties on infection spread processes has rarely been evaluated. In this paper, we characterized the biosecurity of salmonid farms in Ireland using ...

The current study, "Economic Analysis of Cost Production and Profitability Watermelon in Thiruvallur District Tamil Nadu India," was conducted from 2022 to 2023. 100 farmers the study area were chosen at random participate study. Analyzing costs, returns, profitability, marketing, production watermelons study's primary goals. 100% used drip irrigation grow sowed seeds during rabi season. majori...

This study presents a comprehensive cost and returns analysis of Aloe Vera cultivation, aiming to provide farmers potential investors with valuable insights into the financial aspects cultivating Vera. The was conducted in Chirawa block Jhunjhunu during year 2022 as based on fact that large area is covered under cultivation Rajasthan. present done by taking 80 from 12 villages. findings this re...

Abstract Background High-yielding variety (HYV) seed breeding has been one key approach to improving agricultural productivity and reduce global hunger poverty. This paper explores the causal relationship between high-yielding rice variety, productivity, farm income household nutrition. A challenge with evaluating impact of changes such as crop varieties on yield is self-selection endogeneity. ...

Irish beef processors and cattle farmers have been involved in a lasting controversy on power asymmetry. This paper estimates the degree of market processing industry. The New Empirical Industrial Organization approach is extended for estimation, testified by conjectural elasticity with supply demand functions, indicating that exert significant farms. Export-orientation high subsidies are two o...

Sufficient cause interactions concern cases in which there is a particular causal mechanism for some outcome that requires the presence of 2 or more specific causes to operate. Empirical conditions have been derived to test for sufficient cause interactions. However, when regression outcome models are used to control for confounding variables in tests for sufficient cause interactions, the outc...

Abstract Coffee cultivation in Central America provides goods and services at local, national, international levels. Climate change is likely to affect the magnitude continuity of these benefits by reducing land suitability for coffee cultivation. To quantify impacts climate on suitability, we use Bayesian network model Agroecological Land Evaluation Coffea arabica L. (ALECA) estimate productio...

Kenya’s cut-flower industry has been praised as an economic success as it contributed an annual average of US$ 141 million foreign exchange (7 % of Kenyan export value) over the period 1996–2005 and about US$ 352 million in 2005 alone. The industry also provides employment, income and infrastructure such as schools and hospitals for a large population around Lake Naivasha. On the other hand, th...