Sufficient cause interactions concern cases in which there is a particular causal mechanism for some outcome that requires the presence of 2 or more specific causes to operate. Empirical conditions have been derived to test for sufficient cause interactions. However, when regression outcome models are used to control for confounding variables in tests for sufficient cause interactions, the outc...

Marginal bands were isolated from newt red blood cells and, using monochromatic light from an ultraviolet microbeam, the marginal band microtubules were irradiated in vitro to produce areas of reduced birefringence (ARBs). The ARBs neither moved nor changed shape after they were formed, though the marginal bands sometimes changed shape during the irradiation. Marginal band ARBs 'were regions in...

OBJECTIVE In order to evaluate micronutrient status of children aged 24-60 months living in rural disaster areas after one year of the earthquake in Wenchuan. DESIGN After one year of Wenchuan Earthquake, using PPS sampling methods, a total of 270 children from six-randomized townships near seismic center, in each township sample size consisted of 30 to 50 children, were sampled for evaluatin...

Background: Growth failure in children less than five years old can lead to the serious complications such as increased mortality, learning difficulties or physical disability. The aim of this study was to investigate the non-organic factors affecting the growth trend in less than two years children living in Zanjan, Iran.   Methods: This longitudinal study was conducted on a sample of ...

This paper examines option to defer an investment in thermal rehabilitation of building. Heat savings generated by energy efficiency investment in two distinctive areas connected to district heating in Prague are studied. Despite substantial difference of heat price over several years no significant difference in heat savings between the two areas is found. It is shown that different volatility...