PURPOSE To estimate gender- and age-specific prevalence of myopia and identify risk indicators for myopia in a population-based sample of Latino adults aged 40 years and older in La Puente, California. METHODS Noncycloplegic automated refraction with supplemental standardized subjective refraction was performed for presenting visual acuity worse than 20/20. Potential risk indicators for myopi...

BACKGROUND Myopia has become a significant global public health concern, and is highly prevalent worldwide especially in Asian countries. It is associated with genetic factors as well as socioeconomic status; however, the underlying cause for school myopia has not been established. This study evaluates the impact of living environment on school myopia in Chinese school-aged children. METHODS ...

PURPOSE To compare the aqueous humor levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) in high myopic eyes and control eyes. METHODS Aqueous humor samples were collected from 21 highly myopic eyes of 20 patients (high myopia group) and from 30 cataract eyes of 30 patients with no choroidal neovascularization (CNV) or other ocular or systemic dise...

PURPOSE To identify whether myopia was associated with the visual field (VF) progression of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). METHODS A total of 270 eyes of 270 POAG followed up for more than 3 years with ≥9 reliable VFs by Octopus perimetry were retrospectively reviewed. Myopia was divided into: mild myopia (-2.99 diopter [D], 0), moderate myopia (-5.99, 3.00 D), marked myopia (-9.00, -6.0...

We discuss and examine empirically a firm-level equivalent of the ancient problem of ‘tying the King’s hands’, namely how to avoid managerial intervention that is undertaken to reap private benefits but is harmful to overall value creation, that is, ‘managerial opportunism’. The link from managerial intervention to firm-level value-creation is moderated by employee motivation. Thus, interventio...

BACKGROUND To determine the prevalence and associated factors for myopia and high myopia among older population in a rural community in Eastern China. METHODS A community-based, cross-sectional survey was conducted in the Weitang town located in Suzhou, an urban metropolis in East China. A total of 5613 Chinese residents aged 60 years and older were invited to complete a questionnaire and par...

PURPOSE To determine the risk factors of incident myopia in a school-based cohort study in Singaporean children. METHODS A 3-year prospective cohort study was conducted in Singaporean school children aged 7 to 9 years in three schools at entry. Chinese children without myopia at baseline (n = 994) were included in the analysis. The main outcome was incident myopia, defined as spherical equiva...

The International Myopia Institute's (IMI) mission is to advance research, education, and management of myopia decrease future vision impairment blindness associated with increasing myopia. Its approach bring together scientists, clinicians, policymakers, government members, educators into the field stimulate collaboration sharing knowledge. latest reports are on pathologic myopia, impact risk ...

Myopia—time preference—has been shown to be commonplace and is believed to lead to a series of negative outcomes, such as overconsumption and addiction. Yet, little is known about the determinants of myopia. Using a random-assignment experiment, we investigate whether happiness decreases myopia. Subjects are randomly assigned to receive a happyor neutral-affect inducement. Immediately following...