Digital vigilantism is one of the challenges e-democracy. Many scholars recognize threat to civil society. However, we believe it can also reinforce weak government institutions. We consider digital as an alternative e-participation tools. This study aims determine a model in Russia based on analysis social media activity StopXam context development e-democracy Considering example informal inst...

There is intense competition between managed care organizations (MCOs) in the USA based on cost and benefit coverage, but scant attention to differences in quality. Consumer preference for 'choice' has stimulated the growth of overlapping networks of providers across competing MCOs. These networks have tended to perform less well on the quality indicators in report cards than staff model MCOs. ...

The health care reform debate has been effective in bringing visibility nor only to cost containment issues, but to the need for expanded access to health care. The reform strategies that are currently under consideration are incremental changes that build on the transition in health care that has been underway for more than a decade. A hallmark of that transition is managed care arrangements, ...

Since the election, the health care reform debate has focused on three broad features: implementation of managed competition, changes in the tax treatment of health insurance, and the imposition of budget caps or targets. The basic element of managed competition is the creation of sponsors who act as collective purchasing agents for large groups of individuals. One of the potentially most polit...