A study was performed to investigate a domain for a mobile and social service, where a web of social trails is overlaid over a physical space. Using a method inspired by work of the city planner Kevin Lynch, 20 subjects were interviewed about their experiences, activities, movements and habits related to a specific shopping mall. Design implications for the service were drawn from subjects’ ske...

Abstract Research questions are central to mobile assisted language learning (MALL) projects and studies, yet they have received little attention date. Taking research as its focus, this paper offers some reflections on the complexity of broader field learning, different kinds research, salient themes challenges in MALL, it suggests directions for future. Since MALL is interdisciplinary, since ...

gation aid through the ocean of offers. A further strategic element will be the wnfidencethe customer exhibits towards the electronic mall. Confidence is a result . of how much the client can rely on the information presented by the electronic mall and how it manages erroneous or overdue deliveries. Along with CompuServe and CommerceNet electronic malls are beginning to establish themselves. Th...

In this paper we present a simulation prototype of the customers’ shopping behavior in a mall using a knowledge-based multiagent geosimulation approach. The shopping behavior in a shopping mall is performed in a geographic environment (a shopping mall) and is influenced by several shopper’s characteristics (internal factors) and factors which are related to the shopping mall (external or situat...

PURPOSE To investigate the planning and dosimetric advantages of direct aperture optimization (DAO) over beam-let optimization in IMRT treatment of head and neck (H/N) and prostate cancers. METHODS Five Head and Neck as well as five prostate patients were planned using the beamlet optimizer in Elekta-Xio ver 4.6 IMRT treatment planning system. Based on our experience in beamlet IMRT optimizat...

The underground shopping mall has the constructional problem of the fire evacuation. Also, the people sometimes lose their direction and information of current time in the mall. If the emergencies such as terrorist explosions or gas explosions are happened, they have to go out soon. Under such circumstances, inside of the mall has high risk for life. In this research, the authors propose a way ...

SPILKOVÁ, J. (2012): The Birth of the Czech Mall Enthusiast: The Transition of Shopping Habits From Utilitarian to Leisure Shopping. Geografie, 117, No. 1, pp. 21–32. – During the 1990s, shopping habits and consumer behavior underwent many important changes in Czechia. Consumers started to prefer large retail outlets and shopping malls, and began to shop less frequently. Shopping has become not...

To facilitate equal access to online shopping for all users, the present study examined if agerelated differences in E-mall navigation exist as a function of web presentation media and web structure. 14 older adults and 14 college students participated in an experiment where E-mall shopping navigation was evaluated in terms of the number of pages repeated visited, and retention accuracy. Two ex...