A study was carried out on serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and alpha-feto-protein (AFP) levels, both measured by radioimmunoassay, in 88 children with malignant solid tumours and in 26 children with nonmalignant disorders, who presented during the years 1973-77. Slightly or moderately raised CEA levels were found at presentation in 11 of 66 children with malignant tumours, in 2 others with...

Every year in Germany about 50,000 patients are referred and treated by radiotherapy (RT) for "non-malignant disorders". This highly successful treatment is applied only for specific indications such as preservation or recovery of the quality of life by means of pain reduction or resolution and/or an improvement of formerly impaired physical body function owing to specific disease-related sympt...

Background: Alterations of systemic metabolic parameters are always present vitamins in cancer in addition radiotherapy may increases and complicates these disorders. The analysis of each biochemical metabolic alterations may give more understanding to biochemistry of malignancy   and improving the degree of radiotherapy. The current study aimed to follow up the changes of folate, vitamin B12 a...

Our study was designed to compare the intellectual functions in 35 children with lymphoreticular malignancies (ALL or NHL) who had received CNS directed therapy (Group A), with those in 21 patients with solid tumors (Group B). Intellectual assessment was done using the Malin's modification for Indian children of the Wechsler's intelligence scale. Using 5 verbal and performance subscales each, t...

CEREBRAL metastases occur in approximately 5% of all fatal cases of malignant disease (Willis, I952) and the effects of discrete macroscopical deposits are well known. On the other hand, disorders of the nervous system resulting from either diffuse microscopical infiltration or other associated changes are less familiar and are the main concern of this survey. In recent years it has been shown ...

Mature B-cell disorders comprise numerous and very different entities including all B-cell lymphomas (NHL) subgroups , chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), and plasma cell dyscrasias [1]. Growing knowledge on disease biology has led to the development of new drugs, while innovative diagnostic techniques have resulted in improvement of diagnosis, establishment of new prognostic factors, and the r...

A moderate and statistically significant elevation of blood pyruvate levels, determined by an enzymatic method, was found in 60 patients with various malignant neoplastic disorders as compared with 20 control subjects. Studied were 42 cases of metastatic carcinoma, including 14 in which there were hepatic metastases and 18 cases of leukemia and lymphoma. No significant statistical difference wa...

Disorders of white cells are very common in clinical practice. White-cell development and numbers are controlled by a mixture of external stimuli including cytokines, matrix proteins, and accessory cells. Several different white-cell lineages are recognised; each has a role in host defence. Both white-cell deficiency and overproduction can lead to disease. Some forms of inherited white-cell def...