Aggression. Offensive action, particularly in regard to defending resources. Aggression in defending females and other resources should be favored by selection when there are fewer resources than competitors and when an individual can boost fitness by forcibly removing another individual. Intersexual Selection. Sexual selection due to interactions between the sexes. Mate choice by males or fema...

a key factor in spermatogenesis and disorders associated with this protein have been recognized to be related to male infertility. although it was suggested that this protein could have different functions during germ cell development, no studies have been conducted to uncover the mechanism of this potential function yet. here, we analyzed the expression pattern of rbmy protein isoforms in test...

background: ubiquitin, an 8.5 kda peptide that marks other proteins for proteasomal degradation, tags defective sperm dur­ing epididymal passage. thus, sperm ubiquitination is a universal marker for sperm defects and can be used as a sperm func­tion test. the objective of the present study was to examine the relationships between sperm ubiquiti­nation and clinical se­men parameters, using simpl...

background: infertility is considered as a major health care problem of different communities. the high prevalence of this issue doubled its importance. a significant proportion of infertility have been related to environmental conditions and also acquired risk factors. different environmental conditions emphasized the need to study the different causes of infertility in each area. objective: t...

background and objective: male breast carcinoma (mbc) is an unusual form of neoplasia, representing 0.7 to 1 percent of all breast cancer cases. usually, the carcinoma affects patients after the sixth decade. the aim of this study was to evaluate the status of estrogen and progesterone receptors (er and pr) and prognostic factors (p53 and her-2/neu) in a series of male patients with breast canc...

context air pollution is common in all countries and affects reproductive functions in men and women. it particularly impacts sperm parameters in men. this meta-analysis aimed to examine the impact of air pollution on the quality of sperm. conclusions the results of this meta-analysis showed that air pollution reduces sperm motility, but has no impact on the other sperm parameters of spermogram...

introduction: the etiology of male breast cancer is unclear, but hormonal levels may play a role in development of this disease. it seems that the risk of male breast cancer related to increased lifelong exposure to estrogen or reduced androgen. the aim of this study was to investigate the expression of the steroid hormone receptors including estrogen receptor (er) and progesterone receptor (pr...

vascular variations and the accidental cutting of veins and arteries potentially create problems during surgery and medical treatment. the surgeon's awareness of a vascular variation in the kidneys is essential during renal surgery and transplantation, color doppler imaging, gonadal surgery and in the presence of an abdominal aortic aneurism. this awareness can improve the patient's r...

background: the trace element copper has been identified as a highly toxic element for sperm. it is known to affect sperm motility in humans and experimental implantation of copper in the epididymis vas deferens and scrotum of mammals has been demonstrated to affect fertility detrimentally. objective: sperm concentration motility vitality and morphology are parameters used to evaluate potential...