Preliminary data have suggested that children milder COVID-19 disease course compared to adults. However, pediatric cases with severe clinical findings caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) are being reported since April 2020. These been presented significant hyperinflammatory states resembling Kawasaki disease, toxic shock syndrome, and macrophage activation sy...

Macrophage activation syndrome is a rare and potentially life threatening complication of childhood rheumatic disorders. It is described most commonly with systemic onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis (soJIA). The major clinical manifestations are non-remitting fever, hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, bleeding diathesis, altered mental status and rash and may mimic a fl are of soJIA. The cha...

The macrophage activation syndrome is a rare but potentially fatal complication of patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases. This is a clinicopathological entity characterized by activation of histiocytes with prominent hemophagocytosis in the bone marrow and other reticuloendothelial systems. In patients with lupus it may mimic an exacerbation of the disease or infection. We report the case...