PURPOSE Mountain trekking involves level, uphill, and downhill walking (DW). Prolonged DW induces damage to leg muscles, reducing force generating ability and muscle coordination. These increase risks for more serious injuries and accidents in mountain trekking, thus a strategy to minimize muscle damage is warranted. It has been shown that low-intensity eccentric contractions confer protective ...

In the course of studies on the effects of septal area lesions on neuroimmunomodulation and Walker 256 tumor development, it was observed that tumor-induced sodium and water retention was less marked in lesioned than in non-lesioned rats. In the present study possible mechanisms involved in this phenomenon were investigated. The experiments were performed in septal-lesioned (LW; N = 15) and sha...

This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between milk score (MS) and litter weight at 70 d (LW) for four sheep breeds in the United States. Milk score is a subjective measure of milk production used to assess milk production of range ewes when milk yield cannot be quantitatively determined. Variance components for MS and LW were estimated for each of Targhee, Columbia, Rambouillet,...

Female calves (n = 108) were assigned to 6 cold milk feeding treatments in two experiments for a 70-day period. Live-weight (LW) was measured weekly, with an additional LW taken at day 410 and post-calving for animals in experiment 1. In Experiment 1, the effect of feeding frequency and age of turnout to pasture on calf performance and 1st lactation milk yields were evaluated. The whole milk (W...

The wing-polymorphic cricket, Gryllus firmus, has a flight-capable morph (LW[f]: long winged with functional flight muscles) and a flightless morph (SW: short winged with reduced nonfunctional flight muscles) that differ genetically in many aspects of lipid metabolism. To determine whether these differences result from genetically based alterations in endocrine regulation, the juvenile hormone ...

The Japanese quail has been utilized as a research species in establishing the genetic relationships that may also be present in other species. Divergent phenotypic selection for 4-wk BW was conducted for three generations in high (HW) and low (LW) lines. Within each line, 50 females and 25 males were selected among 600 birds, based on 4-wk BW. Mean BW at 4 wk of age in the base generation was ...

A rice GWAS panel of 281 accessions of japonica rice was phenotypically characterized for 26 traits related to phenology, plant and seed morphology, physiology and yield for 2 years in field conditions under permanent flooding (PF) and limited water (LW). A genome-wide analysis uncovered a total of 160 significant marker-trait associations (MTAs), of which 32 were LW-specific, 59 were PF-specif...

The effects of initial live weight (LW; 18 and 30 kg), maturity (40 and 65% mature LW) and genotype on dry matter intake (DMI), LW gain (LWG), organic matter digestibility (OMD), rumen outflow rate of solid phase and urinary allantoin-N excretion were examined in 14 and 21 female lambs from the local breed Churra da Terra Quente (CH) and Ile-de-France (IF), respectively. LW at 40 and 65% maturi...

Soft sensors are inferential estimators when the employment of hardware is inapplicable, expensive, or difficult in industrial plant processes. Currently, a simple soft sensor, namely locally weighted partial least squares (LW-PLS), which can cope with nonlinearity process, has been developed. However, LW-PLS exhibits disadvantages handling strong nonlinear process data. To address this problem...

BACKGROUND The current study aimed to investigate the immediate and long-term effects of laterally-wedged (LW) insoles on the knee loadings, the knee abductor moment (KAM) in particular, and the compensatory changes at other lower limb joints in patients with bilateral medial knee osteoarthritis during level walking with and without LW insoles. METHODS Older adults with bilateral medial knee ...