introduction: 17&beta-estradiol; modulates nociception by binding to the estrogenic receptors and also by allosteric interaction with other membrane-bound receptors like glutamate and gabaa receptors. in addition to its autonomic functions, paragigantocellularis lateralis (lpgi) is involved in the pain modulation, too. the aim of the current study was to investigate the involvement of the membr...

introduction: the nucleus paragigantocellularis lateralis (lpgi) is involved in the descending pain modulation. the neurostreoid, 17β-estradiol found in the pgi nucleus and modulates nociception by binding to estrogen receptors and also by allosteric interaction with nmda receptors. in this study, the role of nmda receptors in the 17β-estradiol-induced pain modulation was investigated by assess...

To test the hypothesis that pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) is differentially regulated in specific human muscles, regulation of PDH was examined in triceps, deltoid, and vastus lateralis at rest and during intense exercise. To elicit considerable glycogen use, subjects performed 30 min of exhaustive arm cycling on two occasions and leg cycling exercise on a third day. Muscle biopsies were obtaine...