In domestic pigeons (Columba livia), the electrical activity of the major depressor muscle of the wing, the pectoralis (pars thoracicus), beings in late upstroke well before the wing begins its downstroke excursion. The two architecturally distinct heads of the pectoralis, the sternobrachialis and the thoracobrachialis, are differentially recruited during take-off, level flight and landing. In ...

Among the variations of pectoral muscles, this case appears to be unique in the literature. This was a case of an accessory pectoral muscle which was located between pectoralis major and pectoralis minor muscles, which was discovered during a routine anatomy dissection. The accessory muscle originated from 6(th) and 7(th) ribs at costo-chondral junction, which travelled supero-laterally and ins...

There is very limited scientific data concerning suspension training. The purpose of this investigation was to compare the electromyographic activity of the pectoralis major, anterior deltoid, and triceps brachii between a suspension push-up and traditional push-up. Twenty-one apparently healthy men (n = 15, age = 25.93 ± 3.67 years) and women (n = 6, age = 23.5 ± 1.97 years) volunteered to par...

Multiple pectoralis major tendon tears have been reported in the literature; however, isolated rupture of the pectoralis minor tendon is rare and has been reported 3 times (4 patients).This article describes a case of an isolated pectoralis minor tendon tear in a male high school football player after a traumatic injury. The patient was injured while making a tackle and leading with his arm and...

In vivo measurements of pectoralis muscle length change and force production were obtained using sonomicrometry and delto-pectoral bone strain recordings during ascending and slow level flight in mallards (Anas platyrhynchos). These measurements provide a description of the force/length properties of the pectoralis under dynamic conditions during two discrete flight behaviors and allow an exami...

introduction : the pectoralis major flap is the best flap for head and neck defects. this flap has both a vascular pedicle and some disadvantages such as deformity, needing tunneling, clavicular f.x and shortening after the tunneling. case presentation: the patient was a 56 years old man with large face defect from child hood. the patient had two surgical failures in her history. external pecto...

In chronic pectoralis tendon tears, primary repair may not be possible and allograft reconstruction may be required. The goal of this study was to report the authors' experience with chronic pectoralis major tendon reconstructions using an Achilles tendon allograft in three military patients. Three consecutive patients presenting with chronic, complete pectoralis major tendon tears underwent re...

INTRODUCTION Intramuscular lipomas of the pectoralis major muscle are rare and may mimic malignant breast tumours. CLINICAL PICTURE A 58-year-old Chinese woman presented with a 2- year history of an enlarging left breast mass. Clinical examination revealed a palpable hard mass in the left breast. TREATMENT Standard mammographic views revealed a radiolucent mass deep in the left pectoralis m...

purpose rupture of pectoralis major (pm) occurs most commonly as a result of an indirect mechanism associated with extensive tension on a maximally contracted muscle. patients with pm tendon ruptures, classically present a history of sudden severe pain in arm and shoulder at the time of injury. treatment options vary from conservative to operative. in cases with total or near-total injuries, su...