OBJECTIVES To obtain nationally representative estimates of the additional time, and related cost, of informal caregiving associated with urinary incontinence in older individuals. DESIGN Multivariate regression models using data from the 1993 Asset and Health Dynamics Study, a nationally representative survey of people aged 70 and older (N = 7,443). SETTING Community-dwelling older people....

sive, be easy to apply and remove, ensure the security of the drain and maximize patient comfort. These goals are achievable, but often drain security is prioritized at the expense of patient comfort and practicality. We have found an effective method for dressing sutured drains with the use of a single “All-In-One” dressing or a 20 × 10-cm adhesive-absorbent pad (Primipore; Smith & Nephew, St....

The systematic and quantitative approach on the environmental pollution is a significant challenge in highly regulated industries, such as power plants, where a large amount of waste gas including greenhouse gas must be discharged. We simulated various CO2 reduction processes and estimated the total cost of those. In this study, an environmental pollution impact is analyzed by the process opera...

A new composite absorbent with multifunctional and environmental-friendly structures was prepared using chitosan, diatomite and polyvinyl alcohol as the raw materials, and glutaraldehyde as a cross-linking agent. The structure and morphology of the composite absorbent, and its adsorption properties of Hg(II) in water were characterized with Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra, scanning e...

Graphite oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets were synthesized with a low-cost manufacturing method. The morphology and structures of the synthesized samples were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy. The efficiencies of GO and rGO as novel candidate adsorbents in the pre-purification of ...

Antimicrobial surfaces can be applied to break transmission pathways in hospitals. Polyaniline (PANI) and poly(3-aminobenzoic acid) (P3ABA) are novel antimicrobial agents with potential as non-leaching additives to provide contamination resistant surfaces. The activity of PANI and P3ABA were investigated in suspension and as part of absorbent and non-absorbent surfaces. The effect of inoculum s...

the adsorption ability of miswak (salvadora persica l.) waste was investigated for the removalof common heavy metals; pb(ii), cu(ii), ni(ii) and cd(ii), from aqueous systems. the miswak mainlyconsists of saponins, tannins, silica and resin, which are accounted for the removal of heavy metal ions fromaqueous systems. the effects of various parameters, such as solution ph, contact time, initial c...

Toluene removal by electro-scrubbing was carried out in facilities that operate continuous mode, comparing the performance of packed column and jet electro-scrubber systems, both terms retention absorbent electrochemical degradation. It found about half toluene air flow is retained only absorption. The showed better degradation, while mixing device highest concentrations electrolyte/absorbent, ...

A new biomimetic absorbent, cellulose acetate (CA) embedded with triolein (CA-triolein), was prepared and applied for the removal of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) from micro-polluted aqueous solution. The comparison of CA-triolein, CA and granular activated carbon (GAC) for dieldrin removal was investigated. Results showed that CA-triolein absorbent gave a lowest residual concentration a...