The degree to which radiation from a loudspeaker is diffuse may be quantified by a spatial correlation function normalised to the on-axis response. This is true for any loudspeaker type, including the distributed-mode loudspeaker (DML). However, because of the variation in material damping and design-related constraints, correlation commonly varies both with frequency and direction. A modified ...

Differences in performance between omnidirectional and directional microphones were evaluated between two loudspeaker conditions (single loudspeaker at 180 degrees; diffuse using eight loudspeakers set 45 degrees apart) and two types of noise (steady-state HINT noise; R-Space restaurant noise). Twenty-five participants were fit bilaterally with Phonak Perseo hearing aids using the manufacturer'...

Sound reproduction in a limited space with accumulation of functions for polyphonic sound is increasing demand of 4C products. Miniature loudspeaker has to generate smooth sound pressure level (SPL) over range of 100 Hz to 10 kHz as per requirements of 4C products. In this study we reports formulation and validation of equivalent circuit model for miniature loudspeaker. This is achieved by meas...

This letter explores the effect of the directivity of a source on time reversal acoustic focusing of energy. A single loudspeaker produces an airborne focus of sound in a reverberation chamber and in a classroom. Individual foci are created at microphone positions that surround the loudspeaker. The primary axis of the loudspeaker is then rotated and experiments are repeated to average out the r...

Spatial sound reproduction systems with a large number of loudspeakers are increasingly being used. Wave field synthesis is a reproduction system using a large number of densely placed loudspeakers (loudspeaker array). This implies a spatial sampling process that may lead to aliasing artifacts. This paper derives the spatial aliasing artifacts of linear loudspeaker arrays used for wave field sy...

When a listener is surrounded by multiple loudspeakers, some of which are located above and/or below him/her, an immersive threedimensional auditory display can be created with vector base amplitude panning (VBAP). In VBAP a complex loudspeaker layout is divided to loudspeaker triplets or pairs (sets). A sound signal is applied to loudspeakers of one set with different gain factors at one time,...

Spatial audio aims to recreate or synthesize spatial attributes when reproducing audio over loudspeakers or headphones. Such spatial attributes include, for example, locations of perceived sound sources and an auditory sense of space. This thesis focuses on new methods of spatial audio for loudspeaker listening and on measuring the quality of spatial audio by subjective and objective tests. In ...

Different methods to design digital filters aimed for equalization of loudspeaker/room responses are considered. Design of inverse filters is based on measured loudspeaker/room impulse responses combined with roomand psychoacoustic knowledge. Frequency dependent smoothing and nonlinear equalization effort is applied, and a new iterative method based on both timeand frequency domain criteria is ...

This paper investigates alternative methods for multichannel sound diffusion which are based on the mapping of physical gestures to spatial location. The approach addresses issues surrounding the inappropriateness of mixing consoles as an effective interface for sound diffusion in multi-channel loudspeaker environments and instead proposes a system that allows the user to traverse all possible ...