The present study investigates the culture of development in Hawrami proverbs. Analysis of development-related variables is the basis of sociology. As collective phenomena, proverbs are part of the oral culture of a society and their investigation can sociologically explain cultural and social foundations of the society. This research attempts to specify 6 development-related parameters in Hawr...

health is defined as situation of physical, psychological, and social welfare, which include both lack of diseases and best access to healthy standard without any religion, political, and socio-economic discrimination. more programs have been executed concerning rural environment from 1980s in islamic republic of iran. however, documents show that health level is low in rural area. rural health...

While a large literature exists on the siting of controversial facilities, few theories about spatial location have been tested on large samples. Using a new dataset from Japan, this paper demonstrates that state agencies choose localities judged weakest in local civil society as host communities for controversial projects. In some cases, powerful politicians deliberately seek to have facilitie...