background: the airway surface liquid (asl), which is a fluid layer coating the interior epithelial surface of the bronchi and bronchiolesis, plays an important defensive role against foreign particles and chemicals entering lungs. objective: numerical investigation has been employed to solve two-layer model consisting of mucus layer as a viscoelastic fluid and periciliary liquid layer as a newt...

Background: The airway surface liquid (ASL), which is a ï‌‚uid layer coating the interior epithelial surface of the bronchi and bronchiolesis, plays an important defensive role against foreign particles and chemicals entering lungs.Objective: Numerical investigation has been employed to solve two-layer model consisting of mucus layer as a viscoelastic fluid and periciliary liquid layer as a New...

The present investigation entails a procedure by which the surface tension and viscosity of liquids could be redicted.To this end, capillary experiments were performed for porous media by utilizing fifteen different liquids and powders. The time of capillary rise to a certain known height of each liquid in a particular powder was recorded. Two artificial neural networks (ANNs) were...

A novel computational fluid dynamics-population balance model (CFD-PBM) for the simulation of gas mixing in activated sludge (i.e., an opaque non-Newtonian liquid) in a bubble column is developed and described to solve the problem of measuring the hydrodynamic behavior of opaque non-Newtonian liquid-gas two-phase flow. We study the effects of the inlet position and liquid-phase properties (wate...

The viscosity of a liquid measures its resistance to flow, with consequences for hydraulic machinery, locomotion of microorganisms, and flow of blood in vessels and sap in trees. Viscosity increases dramatically upon cooling, until dynamical arrest when a glassy state is reached. Water is a notoriously poor glassformer, and the supercooled liquid crystallizes easily, making the measurement of i...

The propagation of surface acoustic Love modes along ZnO/glass-based structures was modeled and analysed with the goal of designing a sensor able to detect changes in the environmental parameters, such as liquid viscosity changes and minute amounts of mass supported in the viscous liquid medium. Love mode propagation was modeled by numerically solving the system of coupled electro-mechanical fi...

Strongly-coupled dusty plasmas often exhibit liquid behavior. Liquids behave as a viscous continuum in the hydrodynamic regime. However, in the kinetic regime of a liquid, viscous and elastic effects occur at the same time [1], i.e., the liquid is said to be viscoelastic. To characterize the viscoelasticity of a liquid, the complex viscosity, () = () i(), is often used, where the real a...

Viscosity is an important property to known in energy engineering. Most lubricants are named after a ranking system that is directly related to how viscous that sample is. In addition to this, liquid fuels that are too viscous cannot achieve proper combustion in engines. In this report, a sample of baby oil was tested using Saybolt Universal viscometry to illustrate how increases in temperature...

We demonstrate the practical feasibility of calculating transport coefficients such as the viscosity of liquids completely from first principles using the Green-Kubo relations. Results presented for liquid aluminum are shown to have a statistical error of only ca. 5%. The importance of such calculations is illustrated by results for a liquid iron-sulfur alloy under Earth’s core conditions, whic...

This paper reviews the experimental information on the behavior of the viscosity and thermal conductivity of fluids near the critical point. Section 2 presents some general remarks on experimental complications associated with the measurement of these properties in the critical region. Experimental work on the viscosity of one component fluids near the liquid-vapor critical point is rev...