Thrombocytopenia is a common side effect of linezolid, an oxazolidinone antibiotic often used to treat multidrug-resistant Gram-positive bacterial infections. Various risk factors have been suggested, including linezolid dose and duration of therapy, baseline platelet counts, and renal dysfunction; still, the mechanisms behind this potentially treatment-limiting toxicity are largely unknown. A ...

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the efficacy of oral linezolid, with or without rifampicin, on valve vegetations and secondary foci of infection compared with vancomycin, in the absence or presence of rifampicin, in experimental endocarditis caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. METHODS Treatment groups were controls (n = 16), linezolid (n = 15), vancomycin (n = 15), linezolid and rif...

The prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphyloccoccus aureus (MRSA) strains has presented a new challenge in antimicrobial medication. Linezolid is a new drug with potent activity on Gram-positive pathogens such as MRSA. The aim of the study was to investigate the in vitro activity of linezolid alone and in combination with imipenem, vancomycin or rifampicin to determine the most active thera...

The use of linezolid for the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis is limited by dose- and time-dependent toxicity. Recently, we reported a case of pharmacokinetic drug-drug interaction between linezolid and clarithromycin that resulted in increased linezolid exposure. The aim of this prospective pharmacokinetic study is to quantify the effect of clarithromycin on the exposure of linezo...

Linezolid is used to treat patients with multidrug-resistant (MDR)/extensively drug-resistant (XDR)-tuberculosis (TB) cases, although clinical data on its safety, tolerability and efficacy are lacking. We performed a retrospective, nonrandomised, unblinded observational study evaluating the safety and tolerability of linezolid at 600 mg q.d. or b.i.d. in MDR/XDR-TB treatment in four European co...

Central venous catheter (CVC) removal is indicated when persistent catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) occurs. This is a retrospective study to analyze the use of linezolid as a salvage therapy for CRBSIs due to coagulase-negative Staphylococci in children diagnosed with acute leukemia. Seven treatment courses of linezolid were administrated to six patients with port-type-CRBSI after...

We document linezolid dependence among 5 highly linezolid-resistant (LRSE) Staphylococcus epidermidis bloodstream isolates that grew substantially faster at 32 µg/mL linezolid presence. These isolates carried the mutations T2504A and C2534T in multiple 23S rRNA copies and 2 mutations leading to relevant amino acid substitutions in L3 protein. Linezolid dependence could account for increasing LR...

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with a MIC of linezolid of 4 μg/ml, isolated from a patient who had undergone unsuccessful linezolid therapy, yielded linezolid-resistant mutants in blood agar at 48 h of incubation. The resistant clones showed a MIC of linezolid ranging from 8 to 64 μg/ml and accumulated the T2500A mutation(s) of the rRNA genes. Emergence of these resistant clones ap...

This study summarizes the linezolid susceptibility testing results for 7,429 Gram-positive pathogens from 60 U.S. sites collected during the 2012 sampling year for the LEADER Program. Linezolid showed potent activity when tested against 2,980 Staphylococcus aureus isolates, inhibiting all but 3 at ≤2 μg/ml. Similarly, linezolid showed coverage against 99.5% of enterococci, as well as for all st...

BACKGROUND  Infants and toddlers often present with disseminated and lymph node tuberculosis, in which Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is predominantly intracellular. Linezolid, used to treat tuberculosis in adults, has not been formally studied in infants. Infants clear linezolid 5 times faster than adults and achieve lower 0- to 24-hour area under the concentration-time curves (AUC0-24). M...