T cells have the capability of recognizing target cells through their T cell receptors (TCRs). Thus, the percentages of CD3+/gamma-delta (gammadelta) TCR+ and CD3+/alpha-beta (alphabeta) TCR+ T lymphocytes were investigated in active and inactive pulmonary tuberculosis (PT) patients and in healthy individuals. CD3+ and CD3+/alphabeta TCR+ cell percentages were significantly lower in all PT pati...

Differentiation of gammadelta and alphabeta T cells from a common precursor cell depends on productive rearrangement and expression of TCRgammadelta or TCRbeta genes, but whether it is an instructive or a stochastic mechanism that is responsible for this process is unclear. We report that expression of the productively rearranged TCRgamma transgene competitively inhibits alphabeta thymocyte dev...

We study certain properties of derivations on semiprime rings. The main purpose is to prove the following result: let R be a semiprime ring with center Z(R), and let f , g be derivations of R such that f(x)x+xg(x) ∈ Z(R) for all x ∈ R, then f and g are central. As an application, we show that noncommutative semisimple Banach algebras do not admit nonzero linear derivations satisfying the above ...

Production of type I interferon (IFN; IFN-alphabeta) increases host susceptibility to Listeria monocytogenes, whereas type II IFN (IFN-gamma) activates macrophages to resist infection. We show that these opposing immunological effects of IFN-alphabeta and IFN-gamma occur because of cross talk between the respective signaling pathways. We found that cultured macrophages infected with L. monocyto...

The development of pre-T cells with productive TCR-beta rearrangements can be mediated by each the pre-T cell receptor (pre-TCR), the TCR-alphabeta as well as the TCR-gammadelta, albeit by distinct mechanisms. Although the TCR-gammadelta affects CD4-8- precursor cells irrespective of their rearrangement status by TCR-beta mechanisms not involving TCR-beta selection, both the pre-TCR and the TCR...

In parsing with Tree Adjoining Grammar (TAG), independent derivations have been shown by Schabes and Shieber (1994) to be essential for correctly supporting syntactic analysis, semantic interpretation, and statistical language modeling. However, the parsing algorithm they propose is not directly applicable to Feature-Based TAGs (FB-TAG). We provide a recognition algorithm for FB-TAG that suppor...

Let A be a unital algebra and M be a unital A-bimodule. A characterization of generalized derivations and generalized Jordan derivations from A into M, through zero products or zero Jordan products, is given. Suppose that M is a unital left A-module. It is investigated when a linear mapping from A into M is a Jordan left derivation under certain conditions. It is also studied whether an algebra...

let x be a banach space of dimx > 2 and b(x) be the space of bounded linear operators on x. if l : b(x) → b(x) be a lie higher derivation on b(x), then there exists an additive higher derivation d and a linear map τ : b(x) → fi vanishing at commutators [a, b] for all a, b ∈ b(x) such that l = d + τ

in this article, the notion of $n-$derivation is introduced for all integers $ngeq 2$. although all derivations are $n-$derivations,  in general these notions are not equivalent. some properties of ordinary derivations are  investigated for $n-$derivations. also, we show that under certain mild condition  $n-$derivations are derivations.

TERMINATION OF LINEAR REWRITING SYSTEMS* preliminary version Nachum Dershowitz Department of Computer Science University of Illinois Urbana, Illinois 61801 U.S.A. Limitations, such as right-linearity, on the form of rules in a termrewriting system are shown to restrict the class of derivations that must be considered when determining whether or not the system terminates for all inputs. These re...