Breakwaters are among the most frequently-used coastal protective structures and their stability is vital to avoid turbulence at the ports. The main purpose of the present research is to use the theory of fuzzy random variables and the second-order reliability method (SORM) to study the reliability of a rubble-mound breakwater against the failure due to the armor layer instability. The limit-st...

implicit and unobserved errors and vulnerabilities issues usually arise in cryptographic protocols and especially in authentication protocols. this may enable an attacker to make serious damages to the desired system, such as having the access to or changing secret documents, interfering in bank transactions, having access to users’ accounts, or may be having the control all over the syste...

  A second-order approximation to the Faddeev-Watson-Lovelace treatment of the rearrangement channel is used in a three-body scattering cross sections. In this formalism, the Three-body wave function is expressed by three coupled integral equations, the Faddeev equations, which contian the two-body (off-shell) transition amplitudes, and proved the uniqueness of their solutions. This amplitude c...