in this paper, the crack detection and depth ratio estimation method are presented in beamlikestructures using elman networks. for this purpose, by using the frequencies of modes asinput, crack depth ratio of each element was detected as output. performance of the proposedmethod was evaluated by using three numerical scenarios of crack for fixed-simply supportedbeam consisting of a single crack...

Plasma containing relativistic particles appears in various forms in the inter galactic medium (IGM): As radio plasma released by active radio galaxies, as fossil radio plasma from former radio galaxies – so called radio ghosts–, as cluster radio relics in some clusters of galaxies, and as cluster radio halos. The impact of the different forms of radio plasma on the IGM and their use as diagnos...

1. To point out that there is a Buddhist theory of language; 2. To set forth the fundamental premises of the Buddhist theory of language, which are implicit in the first and most fundamental teaching of the Buddha—the Four Noble Truths; 3. To assert that the Buddhist theory of language is better than the conventional theory of language, which is the theory that currently dominates the linguisti...

Archives, ancient books, and documents kept in museums libraries are the carriers of historic cultural information left by our ancestors. However, these paper relics can show notorious signs degradation, e.g., fungal development. Due to organic components objects, they suffer from biodeterioration. The excreted substances fungi fungi’s structures themselves often colored interfere with readabil...

Master Hsing Yun advocated Humanistic Buddhism in the hope that people can apply Buddhist teachings and practice methods real life to solve various problems life. The concepts of are embodied Eight Paths Pagoda Buddha Memorial Hall Taiwan. eight pagodas Fo Guang Shan, Taiwan named: (1) One Teaching, (2) Two Assemblies, (3) Three Goodness, (4) Four Givings, (5) Five Harmonies, (6) Six Perfection...

Aims. The aim of the present work is to study the radio properties of double relics in Abell 1240 and Abell 2345 in the framework of double relic formation models. Methods. We present new Very Large Array observations at 20 and 90 cm for these two clusters. We performed spectral index and polarization analysis and compared our results with expectations from theoretical models. Results. The pres...

a Department of Medical Imaging, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan b School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan c Department of Medical Imaging and Radiologic Sciences, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan d Department of Pathology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan e Department of Surgery, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital...