more frequently referred to as a cause of the disease than any other. And most significant of all, it is positively asserted that "In India the use of certain sorts of pulsgs, especially when in an unsound or damaged state, as they frequently are when eaten by the poor, is widely believed to favour the occurrence of leprosy." As stated at the commencement of this paper, long before the appearan...

References http://rstb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/365/1537/133.full.html#ref-list-1 This article cites 129 articles, 51 of which can be accessed free This article is free to access Rapid response http://rstb.royalsocietypublishing.org/letters/submit/royptb;365/1537/133 Respond to this article Subject collections (2124 articles) evolution • Articles on similar topics can be found in the...

"Biotherapies" include both biopharmaceuticals and cell and gene therapies. Biopharmaceuticals are macromolecules created by biotechnologies. In the case of monoclonal antibodies, the starting dose to be given to Humans is difficult to select because there may be no relevant animal model. At the time of registration, the knowledge of the mechanism of action of monoclonal antibodies is insuffici...

GRAPPLE is an EU funded IST FP7 project that brings together a group of researchers into adaptive learning technology and environments and developers of learning management systems (LMSs), in order to offer adaptive learning as a standard feature of future LMSs. This paper presents the adaptation engine used in GRAPPLE, and explains why we consider it to be a truly general-purpose adaptive lear...

Optimal preconditioners (those that provide a proper cluster at 1) are very important for the cg-like methods since they make them converge superlinearly. As is well known, for Toeplitz matrices generated by a continuous symbol, many circulant and circulant-like (related to different matrix algebras) preconditioners were proved to be optimal. In contrast, for multilevel Toeplitz matrices, there...

Evolutionary biology rejoices in the diversity of life, but this comes at a cost: other than working in the common framework of neo-Darwinian evolution, specialists in, for example, diatoms and mammals have little to say to each other. Accordingly, their research tends to track the particularities and peculiarities of a given group and seldom enquires whether there are any wider or deeper sets ...

Recent work about the role of visual callosal connections in ferrets and cats is reviewed, and morphological and functional homologies between the lateral intrinsic and callosal network in early visual areas are discussed. Both networks selectively link distributed neuronal groups with similar response properties, and the actions exerted by callosal input reflect the functional topography of th...

These guidelines are intended for the adult medical and surgical critically ill patient populations expected to require an ICU stay of > 2 or 3 days and are not intended for those patients in the ICU for temporary monitoring or those who have minimal metabolic or traumatic stress. These guidelines are based on populations, but like any other therapeutic treatment in an ICU patient, nutrition re...

OBJECTIVE To review aspects of hyperbaric medicine pertinent to treating critically ill patients with hyperbaric oxygen in both monoplace and multiplace chambers. DATA SOURCES Literature review of online databases, research repositories, and clinical trial registries. RESULTS The search of these resources produced information regarding technical considerations, feasibility, risk, and patien...