This paper starts from four observations: (1) voter turnout is declining in established democracies; (2) low turnout means socio-economically unequal turnout; (3) compulsory voting is an effective means to increase turnout; (4) even low-turnout countries, however, have neither introduced nor even contemplated a legal obligation to vote. A closer look at the arguments against compulsory voting s...

There is a long liberal political tradition of marshalling arguments aimed at convincing Christians that distinctively Christian reasons for issuing coercive laws are not sufficient to justify those laws. In the first part of this paper I argue that the two most popular of these arguments, attributable to Locke, will not reliably convince committed biblical Christians, nor, probably, should the...

as a result of rule of law ideal, judges are required to act in accordance with laws. the ideal is justified by some political values: political liberty, legal liberty , personal liberty and equality. citizens are subject only to the law not to the arbitrary will or judgment of another who wields coercive government power. but in some cases law is indeterminate. in these cases there is an impor...