In the usual instance of an intracardiac right-toleft shunt the blood participating in the shunt traverses a capillary bed before it returns to the chamber from which it originated. In an uncommon instance some of the shunted blood returns to the chamber of origin through intracardiac channels, yielding a phenomenon which may be termed a 'circular' shunt. This term was first used with reference...

BACKGROUND Presence of retro-aortic left renal vein poses special challenge in creating spleno-renal shunt potentially increasing the chance of shunt failure. The technical feasibility and successful outcome of splenectomy with proximal spleno-renal shunt (PSRS) with retro-aortic left renal vein is presented for the first time. The patient was treated for portal hypertension and hypersplenism d...

hepatoportal sclerosis or idiopathic portal hypertension has a worldwide distribution with prevalence in developing and temperate countries. of 64 patients with this disease seen during a twelve year period, 36 underwent splenectomy or a shunt procedure. the indications for surgical intervention were severe hypersplenism and persistent left upper abdominal pain andlorhistory of frequent episode...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE A right-to-left shunt can be identified by contrast transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (c-TCD) at rest and/or after a Valsalva maneuver (VM) or by arterial blood gas (ABG) measurement. We assessed the influence of controlled strain pressures and durations during VM on the right-to-left passage of microbubbles, on which depends the shunt classification by c-TCD, and corr...

A 25-year-old woman presented with complaints of nausea and headache. She had been treated with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt for hydrocephalus when she was 7 months old. Her bilateral optic discs showed moderate atrophy. Right visual acuity allowed only perception of hand movement and left visual acuity was 0.02 (1.2). Computed tomography (CT) showed mild ventricular dilation but no periventric...

BACKGROUND Cardiac output (CO) monitoring remains complex in newborns as most of the current technologies fail to accurately measure systemic blood flow in the presence of shunts. We validated CO measurements using transpulmonary ultrasound dilution (TPUD) in a neonatal lamb model with a left-to-right shunt. METHODS Regular arterial and central venous catheters were inserted into seven lambs ...

A 2-year-10-month-old boy was diagnosed with a complex congenital heart disease: right atrial isomerism, left superior vena cava (LSVC), complete atrioventricular septal defect, secundum type atrial septal defect, transposition of the great arteries with pulmonary atresia, patent ductus arteriosus, absence of a right superior vena cava (RSVC), and dextrocardia. He had received a left Blalock-Ta...

BACKGROUND A treatment based on an interatrial shunt device has been proposed for counteracting elevated pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) in patients with heart failure and mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). We tested the theoretical hemodynamic effects of this approach with the use of a previously validated cardiovascular simulation. METHODS AND RESULTS Rest and ...