A study was undertaken to test the effect of 2 commercially available probiotics on the production efficiency of broiler chickens hatched from the same breeder flock at 3 different ages (28, 43, and 57 wk). At each of the 3 breeder flock ages, 1,600 broiler chickens were hatched and randomly allocated to 1 of 4 treatments: 1) no probiotics (control), 2) probiotic 1 administered in the drinking ...

Layer and Breeder rations are still evaluated, as a rule, on the basis of their protein content, expressed as "percent protein". This is the easiest and most practical criterion, but unfortunately it is a relative measure, depending on general feed consumption. The latter hardly relates to the productive traits of the hen, being dependent primarily on the energy content of the feed and on the e...

Tritium permeation into the Primary Heat Transfer System (PHTS) of DEMO and ITER reactors is one challenging issues to be solved in order demonstrate feasibility nuclear fusion power plants construction. Several technologies were investigated as antipermeation corrosion barriers reduce tritium flux from breeder PHTS. Within this frame, alumina coating manufactured by Pulsed Laser Deposition (PL...

In size-structured groups, conflict over rank, resources or access to breeding opportunities is expected to be greatest among individuals that are similar in size. We tested this general prediction using the cooperatively breeding African cichlid, Neolamprologus pulcher. We predicted that, when size differences between group members were small, we would observe some or all of: increased aggress...