Dominance hierarchies are ubiquitous in social species and serve to organize social systems. Social and sexual status is communicated directly among animals via sensory systems evolved in the particular species. Such signals may be chemical, visual, auditory, postural or a combination of signals. In most species, status is initially established through physical conflict between individuals that...

ion made from these limitations and weaknesses, independently from the form administered, lavender oil seems to positively influence anxiety and stress-related restlessness. However, the peroral use of lavender oil cannot be accepted as well-established use, as the essential factors to be taken into account in order to establish a well-established medicinal use (according to Annex I of Directiv...

BACKGROUND Pain is a major problem in patients after cesarean and medication such as aromatherapy which is a complementary therapy, in which the essences of the plants oils are used to reduce such undesirable conditions. OBJECTIVES In this study, the effect of aromatherapy using Lavender (Lavandula) essential oil on cesarean postoperative pain was assessed. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a triple...

Male mammals show rapid behavioral and hormonal responses to signals from sexually receptive females. However, rapid endocrine responses to female signals have not been observed in a nonhuman primate. Here, we tested the behavioral and hormonal response of male common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) to isolated scent secretions from ovulatory females or to vehicle control scent. Fifteen males we...

The usability of lavender stems along with red pine chips was investigated as raw materials in the production of particleboard. Medium-density particleboard was manufactured using urea formaldehyde glue at three different ratios for five different mixture groups containing lavender stems and red pine chips. Some physical and mechanical properties of the boards were investigated. According to th...

Standard raw material test methods such as the ISO Standard 11024 are focused on the identification of lavender oil and not the actual class/quality of the oil. However, the quality of the oil has a significant effect on its price at market. As such, there is a need for raw material tests to identify not only the type of oil but its quality. This paper describes two approaches to rapidly identi...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Studies of floral scent evolution often attribute variation in floral scent to differences in pollinator behaviour, ignoring the potential for shared biochemistry between floral scent and floral colour to dictate patterns of phenotypic variation in scent production. To determine the relative effects of shared biochemistry and/or localized population-level phenomena on floral...

Particular features of the signaling characteristics of the scent marks of temperate-zone, seasonally breeding mammals may reflect differences in their reproductive state and, hence, be variable. Consequently, an individual's perception of self may depend more on the condition independent than on the condition-dependent signaling characteristics of the scent marks. Yet, we do not know whether a...

INTRODUCTION Psychological disorders are associated with maternal and neonatal morbidities. We aimed to evaluate the effect of Lavender cream with or without foot-bath on depression, anxiety and stress of pregnant women. METHODS In this trial, 141 women at 25 to 28 weeks gestation were randomly assigned into three groups (47 at each group); receiving Lavender cream with foot-bath, only Lavend...

Lavender plants have been used for their cosmetic and biologic benefits for many centries. Extracts from Lavandula plants have been found to cause antimuscarinic effects by blocking sodium and calcium ion channels in in vitro and in vivo studies. We present a case of poisoning by ingestion of tea made from Lavender stoechas ( grass). The patient was admitted to our emergency department with sup...