Galantamine is a reversible inhibitor of cholinesterases and an allosteric modulator of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors which restores reduced cholinergic tone in the central and peripheral nervous system. Characterized in the early 1950s in Bulgaria, it saw limited use for paralytic and neuropathic conditions until the cholinergic hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease opened totally new...

Various factors that can effect thermal blooming in stagnation zone situations are examined, including stagnation-zone motion, longitudinal air motion in the neighborhood of the stagnation zone, and the effects o f scenario noncoplanarity. O f these effects, only the last offers reasonable hope o f reducing the strong thermal blooming that normally accompanies stagnation zones; in particular, n...

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate self-compatibility of two late blooming almond cultivars and identification and introduction of suitable pollinizers from late flowering genotypes, and evaluation of pollen source effect on fruit characteristics to earn high quality nuts for Iranian almond industry. This experiment was carried out in order to determine the best pollinizer for two...

Foraging behaviors of bumble bee workers have been examined in natural habitats, whereas agricultural landscapes, which can provide insights on ßight distances to fragmented patches of bloom,have received limited attention. Inparticular, informationonworkerßightdistances to crops blooming several months after nests have been established is invaluable. Here, we examined foraging patterns of Bomb...

This paper presents a new simulation method for flower blossom, which is based on a biological observation that flower opening is caused by a boundary-dominant morphological transition in a curved lamina. We use an elastic triangular mesh to represent a flower petal and adopt the in-plane expansion to induce the global bending. Out-of-plane curl plays an auxiliary role in reducing the curvature...

• We conducted a multiphase series of laboratory experiments to explore the adaptive optics compensation of a laser beam distorted by strong thermal blooming. Our experimental approach was to create on a small, low-power beam the same phase distortion that would be experienced by a large, high-power beam propagating through the atmosphere and to apply phase compensation via deformable mirrors. ...

Flower blooming is a beautiful phenomenon in nature as flowers open in an intricate and complex manner whereas petals bend, stretch and twist under various deformations. Flower petals are typically thin structures arranged in tight configurations with heavy self-occlusions. Thus, capturing and reconstructing spatially and temporally coherent sequences of blooming flowers is highly challenging. ...