Language planning is a time and society specific activity; any inquiry into the practices of language planning requires an awareness of the peculiar and historical context in which language planning measures emerged and were implemented, and the sociopolitical effects of these policies. The aim of this paper is to describe the language planning policies adopted by the Singapore government. An o...

This monograph presents a detailed study on the language planning situation in Malawi. It explores the historical and political processes, as well as current practices of language planning in the country. The discussion further reconstructs and demonstrates how sociopolitical change has been perceived in Malawi and how this perception has translated into language planning in education, the medi...

The aim of the current study was to compare the influence of on-line planning and pre-task planning on the performance of EFL university students enjoying different levels of proficiency regarding accuracy, fluency and complexity. To this end a group of 134 EFL learners with different proficiency levels were asked to write narrative tasks under two planning conditions (Pre-task planning and on-...

While learners’ ability to speak academic language develops over time in content-based programs, the development of their nonacademic language appears to lag behind. Students’ speaking in content-based (CB) classrooms is confined to an academic discourse style. In the researchers’ point of view, the gap of less amount of nonacademic speaking can be bridged by the application of the conceptual f...