Managing an application landscape has emerged as a new challenge, since the importance, size and complexity of the landscapes is constantly growing in a major share of organizations. This work proposes metrics for application landscapes as a quantitative technique to address the challenge. Its aim is to make application landscape management more systematic and transparent, and render goals and ...

Halgurd Sakran National Park (HSNP) is Iraq’s first designated national park, located in the Kurdistan Region, which has suffered multiple armed conflicts over the past decades. This study assesses how vegetation dynamics have affected the landscape structure and composition of the core zone of the park over the last 31 years. Spatio-temporal changes in land cover were mapped for three points i...

tehran the capital city of iran, with a population of about 8 million and an area of over 700 km2 is one of the most polluted metropolises in the world. tehran is suffering from a tremendous reduction in its sink capacity for absorption and assimilation of pollution which is generally due to uncontrolled urban sprawl and failure in consideration of ecological aspects into regional land use plan...

The relationship between landscape patterns and functions is the central research theme of landscape ecology and forest management. This study assesses the interactive relationship of landscape heterogeneity with the carbon stock of urban forests in the city of Xiamen, Fujian Province, China, using spatial and statistical analyses. The objectives of this study are to explore the most appropriat...

Spatial patterns of vegetation arise from an interplay of functional traits, environmental characteristics and chance. The retreat of glaciers offers exposed substrates which are colonised by plants forming distinct patchy patterns. The aim of this study was to unravel whether patch-level landscape metrics of plants can be treated as functional traits. We sampled 46 plots, each 1 m × 1 m, distr...

The variation of landscape metrics caused by varying the map input resolution has been investigated. Landscape metrics are spatial indicators used to link spatial patterns with the ecological processes that generate them. An aerial photograph was semiautomatically classified at different resolutions by superimposing a grid with a variable cell dimension (10, 20 and 40 metres) in a GIS environme...

Iran has mountainous landscapes and half of its surface is occupied by highlands. Moreover, Iran is an arid country and deserts are located at lower altitudes. Most metropolitan areas are positioned in mid-altitudes between mountain and desert. Cities grow upwardly toward the highlands under pressures of urbanization and desertification. Foothill ecotones are a zone between upland mountains and...

Landscape patterns in the northwestern United States are mostly shaped by the interaction of fire and succession, and conversely, vegetation patterns influence fire dynamics and plant colonization processes. Historical landscape pattern dynamics can be used by resource managers to assess current landscape conditions and develop target spatial characteristics for management activities. The histo...

Forest fires have profound impacts on the spatial distribution of vegetation type and density. This research analyzes the impacts of the 2002 Ponil Fire in New Mexico on landscape patterns using a moving-window analysis of landscape metrics. Categorically derived landscape metrics and a measure of fire severity—the Normalized Burn Ratio—are used to produce a quantitative, spatial distribution o...