Strong vertical gradients at the top of the atmospheric boundary layer affect the propagation of electromagnetic waves and can produce radar ducts. A three-dimensional, time-dependent, nonhydrostatic numerical model was used to simulate the propagation environment in the atmosphere over the Persian Gulf when aircraft observations of ducting had been made. A division of the observations into hig...

Monsoons are prominent features of the atmospheric tropical circulation, affecting the climate of nearly one quarter of the globe and sustaining more than one half of the human population in regions with rapidly growing economies. With projected increases in population and pressure for food security, understanding how monsoons will change with changing climate is both a priority and a major cha...

Abstract Titan’s northern high latitudes host many large hydrocarbon lakes. Like water lakes on Earth, are constantly subject to evaporation. This process strongly affects the atmospheric methane abundance, temperature, lake mixed layer and local wind circulation. In this work we use a 2D mesoscale model coupled slab investigate effect of solar infrared radiation exchange energy between atmosph...

The approach of this study was to determine, theoretically, what impact current and future urban land use in the coastal city of Houston, Texas has on the space and time evolution of precipitation on a `typical' summer day. Regional model simulations of a case study for 25 July 2001 were applied to investigate possible effects of urban land cover on precipitation development. Simulations in whi...

The introduction into a mesoscale model of random (in space) variations in roughness length, or random (in space and time) surface perturbations of temperature and friction velocity, produces a measurable, but barely significant, response in the simulated flow dynamics of the lower atmosphere. The perturbations are an attempt to include the effects of sub-grid variability into the ensemble-mean...

Sea-breeze dynamics in southern France is investigated using an airborne Doppler lidar, a meteorological surface station network and radiosoundings, in the framework of the ESCOMPTE experiment conducted during summer 2001 in order to evaluate the role of thermal circulations on pollutant transport and ventilation. The airborne Doppler lidar WIND contributed to three-dimensional (3-D) mapping of...