Laminated glass units exhibit complex response as a result of different mechanical behavior and properties of glass and polymer foil. We aim to develop a finite element model for elastic laminated glass plates based on the refined plate theory by Mau. For a geometrically nonlinear description of the behavior of units, each layer behaves according to the ReissnerMindlin kinematics, complemented ...

In this paper, the first and second order approximations of Taylor expansion are used for calculating the change of each natural frequency by modifying an arbitrary parameter of a system with a known amount and based on this approximation, the inverse eigenvalue problem is transformed to a solvable algebraic equation. The finite element formulation, based on the classical laminated plate theory...

New hybrid materials made of gold nanoparticles functionalized by mesogenic ligands form laminated smectic phases. Mechanical shearing produces macro size domains with uniformly oriented layers with the layer normal either perpendicular (perpendicular mode) or parallel (transverse mode) to the shearing direction. This is in contrast to low weight and polymer liquid crystals which usually show p...

myo-Inositol hexakisphosphate (IP(6)) is an abundant intracellular component of animal cells. In this study we describe the presence of extracellular IP(6) in the hydatid cyst wall (HCW) of the larval stage of the cestode parasite Echinococcus granulosus. The HCW comprises an inner cellular layer and an outer, acellular (laminated) layer up to 2 mm in thickness that protects the parasite from h...

This paper presents a static analysis of laminated composite doubly-curved shells using refined kinematic models with polynomial and non-polynomial functions recently introduced in the literature. To be specific, Maclaurin, trigonometric, exponential and zig-zag functions are employed. The employed refined models are based on the equivalent single layer theories. A simply supported shell is sub...

Proliferation of macrophages is a hallmark of inflammation in many type 2 settings including helminth infections. The cellular expansion is driven by the type 2 cytokine interleukin-4 (IL-4), as well as by M-CSF, which also controls homeostatic levels of tissue resident macrophages. Cystic echinococcosis, caused by the tissue-dwelling larval stage of the cestode Echinococcus granulosus, is char...

A layer-wise third order shear and normal deformable plate/shell theory (TSNDT) incorporating a cohesive zone model (CZM) is used to study the initiation and growth of delamination in straight and curved laminated beams. Upon satisfaction of the delamination criteria at a point on the interface between two layers, displacements there of two abutting points on the interface between the two layer...

Laminated glass structures are formed by stiff layers of glass connected with a compliant plastic interlayer. Due to their slenderness and heterogeneity, they exhibit a complex mechanical response that is difficult to capture by single-layer models even in the elastic range. The purpose of this paper is to introduce an efficient and reliable finite element approach to the simulation of the imme...

This work aims at developing a genetic algorithm (GA) to pursue the optimization of hybrid laminated composite structures. Fiber orientation (predefined ply angles), material (glass-epoxy or carbon-epoxy layer) and total number of plies are considered as design variables. The GA is chosen as an optimization tool because of its ability to deal with nonconvex, multimodal and discrete optimization...