The aim of this study was to determine whether hemorrhage altered the caspase-3 activity and the ATP levels in rat lung and ileum tissues and determine whether resuscitation with lactated Ringer solution (LR) or whole blood (WB) reversed these changes. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were briefly anesthetized with isoflurane, and their mean arterial blood pressure was reduced from 110 to 40 mmHg by bl...

The present series of experiments have served to elucidate unequivocally that the performance of isolated frog's heart improves considerably on reduction of sodium chloride to 60 mM/L in the perfusate, and that probably this improvement is not affected by the presence of disaccharides and glucose added to the perfusate so as to maintain isotonicity, although further work is required to corrobor...

Manning, R. Davis, Jr. Dynamics of extracellular fluid volume changes during hyperproteinemia. Am. J. Physiol. 275 (Regulatory Integrative Comp. Physiol. 44): R1878– R1884, 1998.—The dynamics of fluid volume distribution between the blood and interstitium during hyperproteinemia were studied in 12 anephric, conscious dogs during several states of hydration. After recovery from splenectomy and u...

BACKGROUND: GReliable prediction of patient response to fluid resuscitation is a crucial issue in the management of hemorrhagic shock. OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to investigate vertebral heart score (VHS) variation in fluid resuscitation of hemorrhagic shock patients and the feasibility of this method in determining resuscitation endpoint.  METHODS: VHS values were assessed using previ...

BACKGROUND It is common clinical practice to use fluid infusion to manage high-volume blood loss until a blood transfusion is performed. The authors investigated the influence of fluid infusion associated with blood loss on the pseudo-steady state propofol concentration. METHODS Twenty-seven swine were assigned to a lactated Ringer's solution group, a hydroxyethyl starch group, or a threefold...

Reflex vasoconstriction is attenuated in aged skin due to a functional loss of adrenergic vasoconstriction. Bioavailability of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), an essential cofactor for catecholamine synthesis, is reduced with aging. Locally administered BH4 increases vasoconstriction through adrenergic mechanisms in aged human skin. We hypothesized that oral sapropterin (Kuvan, a pharmaceutical BH4)...