Abstract Most of the work on resilience urban infrastructures focuses their technical performance and reliability in disaster situations. In general, when we link infrastructure Civil Engineering, think technology, engineering, constructions or control buildings. a state pandemic like current one, study relationship between is phenomenon scarcely studied literature. The main objectives article ...

unplanned urban development imposes significant pressure on land resources and land use structures and brings about many negative socio-economic and environmental consequences. therefore, comprehensive studies should be applied to support urban land use management in the world and especially in developing countries. in iran, like many other developing countries, urban development is fast and of...

A common way of dealing with large urban transport infrastructures is by using Urban Traffic Management and Control (UTMC) systems [1][2]. The UK Department for Transport led Urban Traffic Management and Control initiative recognizes the following common UTMC components: strategic network management, comprehensive performance monitoring, traveller information, congestion monitoring, streamlined...

The present paper aims for the most part to prove the fact that religious and spiritual places and above all, mosques play major roles within Islamic urban areas. They are in fact the basis of civil infrastructures. A historical analysis focusing on where mosques stand in Islamic urban areas reveals that mosques have always been the center of development and growth and that they must be studied...

BACKGROUND Coastal landscapes are being transformed as a consequence of the increasing demand for infrastructures to sustain residential, commercial and tourist activities. Thus, intertidal and shallow marine habitats are largely being replaced by a variety of artificial substrata (e.g. breakwaters, seawalls, jetties). Understanding the ecological functioning of these artificial habitats is key...