Social caste determination in the honey bee is assumed to be determined by the dietary status of the young larvae and translated into physiological and epigenetic changes through nutrient-sensing pathways. We have employed Illumina/Solexa sequencing to examine the small RNA content in the bee larval food, and show that worker jelly is enriched in miRNA complexity and abundance relative to royal...

Proteoglycans of Wharton's jelly contain mainly chondroitin/dermatan sulphate chains. The predominant proteoglycan is decorin (core proteins of 45 and 47 kDa), although the core proteins of biglycan (45 kDa), versican (260 kDa) and of other proteoglycans (90, 110, 220 kDa) were also detected (Gogiel et al., 2003). The aim of the present study was to compare the proteoglycan composition of Whart...

A growing-finishing study using Angus steer calves was conducted in three phases: 1) grazing stockpiled 'Kentucky-31' tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) with high (65%; HE KY-31) and low (0%; LE KY-31) infestation rates of Acremonium coenophialum Morgan-Jones and Gams and 'Kenhy' and 'Johnstone' tall fescue with low (< 1%) infestation rate of Acremonium coenophialum from October 24 to De...

Cisplatin (CP) is one of the most active cytotoxic agents in the treatment of cancer and has adverse side effects such as hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. The aim of this study was focused on investigating the possible protective effect of royal jelly (RJ) against oxidative stress caused by CP injury of the liver and inflammatory changes in male albino rats. Twenty four albino rats were divid...

Maternal investment for offspring's growth and survival is widespread among diverse organisms. Vertical symbiont transmission via maternal passage is also pivotal for offspring's growth and survival in many organisms. Hence, it is expected that vertical symbiont transmission may coevolve with various organismal traits concerning maternal investment in offspring. Here we report a novel phenotypi...

Honeybee royal jelly is reported to have body-enlarging effects in holometabolous insects such as the honeybee, fly and silkmoth, but its effect in non-holometabolous insect species has not yet been examined. The present study confirmed the body-enlarging effect in silkmoths fed an artificial diet instead of mulberry leaves used in the previous literature. Administration of honeybee royal jelly...

The ky mouse mutant exhibits a primary degenerative myopathy preceding chronic thoraco-lumbar kyphoscoliosis. The histopathology of the ky mutant suggests that Ky protein activity is crucial for normal muscle growth and function as well as the maturation and stabilization of the neuromuscular junction. Muscle hypertrophy in response to increasing demand is deficient in the ky mutant, whereas ad...

In  this paper, we investigate the generalizedHyers-Ulam-Rassias stability for the quartic, cubic and additivefunctional equation$$f(x+ky)+f(x-ky)=k^2f(x+y)+k^2f(x-y)+(k^2-1)[k^2f(y)+k^2f(-y)-2f(x)]$$ ($k in mathbb{Z}-{0,pm1}$) in $p-$Banach spaces.

The KY protein has been implicated in a neuromuscular dystrophy in the mouse, but its role in muscle function remains unclear. Here, we show that KY interacts with several sarcomeric cytoskeletal proteins including, amongst others, filamin C and the slow isoform of the myosin-binding protein C. These interactions were confirmed in vitro and because of its central role in skeletal muscle disease...

a Department of Chemistry, Center of Membrane Sciences, and Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, 121 Chemistry-Physics Building, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506-0055, USA b Core Proteomics Laboratory, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA c Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA d Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville S...