BACKGROUND Despite a non-decreasing HIV epidemic, international donors are soon expected to withdraw funding from Kazakhstan. Here we analyze how allocative, implementation, and technical efficiencies could strengthen the national HIV response under assumptions of future budget levels. METHODOLOGY We used the Optima model to project future scenarios of the HIV epidemic in Kazakhstan that vari...

A novel avian paramyxovirus was identified during annual viral surveillance of wild bird populations in Kazakhstan in 2013. The virus was isolated from a white fronted goose (Anser albifrons) in northern Kazakhstan. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of the isolate, which we suggest should constitute a novel serotype.

According to the last census, conducted in 1999, the population of Kazakhstan is 14.9 million people, making Kazakstan the fourth most populous former Soviet republic. Fifty-six percent of the country’s residents live in cities (National Statistical Agency, 1999). With a population density of approximately 6 people per square kilometer, Kazakhstan is one of the most sparsely populated regions i...

An avian paramyxovirus 6 strain was isolated during a wild bird monitoring study in Kazakhstan in 2013. The virus was isolated from a wild duck red-crested pochard (Netta rufina) in southeastern Kazakhstan. Here, we present the complete genome sequence of the virus.

Background There are more and more information about ESBLproducing organisms wide spreading in Europe and Southeast Asia in recent years [1]. A large amount of students from Southeast Asia are staying in Kazakhstan, which raises the question about the distribution of microorganisms and aggravation of epidemiological situation. In our study we investigated the prevalence of ESBLproducing microor...

Camel breeding is one of the most profitable and suitable types of livestock breeding in the natural and climatic conditions of the Central Asian Republics and Kazakhstan. The keeping of camels is appropriate for the extensive deserts and semideserts of the south-eastern, southern and western regions of Kazakhstan, where the climate and food resources meet the needs of this irreplaceable animal.

It is unclear whether Indo-European languages in Europe spread from the Pontic steppes in the late Neolithic, or from Anatolia in the Early Neolithic. Under the former hypothesis, people of the Globular Amphorae culture (GAC) would be descended from Eastern ancestors, likely representing the Yamnaya culture. However, nuclear (six individuals typed for 597 573 SNPs) and mitochondrial (11 complet...

Three isolates APMV/gull/Kazakhstan/5976/2014, APMV/gull/Kazakhstan/ 5977/2014 and APMV/gull/Kazakhstan/5979/2014, were obtained from independent samples during annual surveillance for avian influenza and paramyxoviruses in wild birds from the Caspian Sea coast in Western Kazakhstan, and were initially identified as putative paramyxoviruses on the basis of electron microscopy. Hemagglutination ...

The object of this study is the flowers of Kazakhstan species of “AkMai” safflower, collected in the flowering stage in Southern Kazakhstan. Volatile oil was carry out to study the component composition of Kazakhstan “AkMai” safflower flowers. The composition of the volatile oil obtained from the dried flowers of Carthamus tinctorius L. growing in Kazakhstan. Pale yellow oily extracts were obta...

PURPOSE The LEUKOSPECT study aimed to describe health service utilization and to estimate the direct medical costs (DMCs) of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) in 2013 in the adult population of three post-Soviet countries - Russia, Ukraine, and Kazakhstan. As oncologic medical care is provided by federal state-owned, specialized medical institutions, the cost estimation in this study primarily...