We present a conversational telephone speech data set designed to support research on novel acoustic models. Small vocabulary tasks from 10 words up to 500 words are defined using subsets of the Switchboard-1 corpus; each task has a completely closed vocabulary (an OOV rate of 0%). We justify the need for these tasks, describe the algorithm for selecting them from a large corpus, give a statist...

Psychological distance is pervasive in consumers’ minds and affects their hedonic consumption patterns. However, the literature regarding effects of psychological on inconsistent. Three experiments demonstrate that need to justify an important moderator. Experiments 1 2 show when not salient, negatively impacts consumption. effect disappears statistically. Experiment 3 shows explained by two co...

Papadopouli and Sabharwal argued for the need to raise standards within the community, which might require more visible workshops and conferences and a willingness to reject papers that make no attempt to justify their underlying assumptions. The panelists also emphasized the need for multi-disciplinary and interdisciplinary research to support different layers of the systems (from the physical...

Many social scientists have argued that research should be designed to perform a ‘critical’ function, in the sense of challenging the socio-political status quo. However, very often, the relationship between the political value judgements underpinning this commitment and the values intrinsic to inquiry, as a distinct form of activity has been left obscure. Furthermore, the validity of those jud...

We argue that multi-objective methods are underrepresented in RL research, and present three scenarios to justify the need for explicitly multi-objective approaches. Key to these scenarios is that although the utility the user derives from a policy — which is what we ultimately aim to optimize — is scalar, it is sometimes impossible, undesirable or infeasible to formulate the problem as single-...