Effective manure management to efficiently utilize organic wastes without causing environmental degradation requires a clear understanding of the transformation of P forms from diet to manure. Thus, the objective of this study was to establish quantitative relationships between P forms in diets, feces, and manures collected from U.S. Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic commercial dairy farms. Total P...

BACKGROUND Reverse-transcriptase quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) has become the gold standard for the diagnosis of human enterovirus (EV) and parechovirus (HPeV) infections. The detection rate of RT-qPCR in different pediatric body specimens has not been compared prospectively in a multicentre study. OBJECTIVES This study compared the diagnostic detection rates of E...

In chronic wasting disease (CWD) in cervids and in scrapie in sheep, prions appear to be transmitted horizontally. Oral exposure to prion-tainted blood, urine, saliva, and feces has been suggested as the mode of transmission of CWD and scrapie among herbivores susceptible to these prion diseases. To explore the transmission of prions through feces, uninoculated Syrian hamsters (SHas) were cohab...

Selected strains of actinomycetes useful for practicing semicontinuous treatment of swine and poultry feces were identified as Streptomyces antibioticus S-4, S. puniceus N-50-2, S. nigrifaciens N-9-3, Thermoactinomyces vulgaris HIR-60, and Thermomonospora viridis HIR-50. These five obligately aerobic strains grew preferably on nonsterilized fresh swine feces in 24 h without any additives. They ...

Rotavirus is the most common cause of severe diarrhea in newborn calves. In this study, it was aimed to investigate frequency of Rotavirus infections in calves in Kars region in Northeast Turkey by feces sampling 112 diarrheic calves of 0-6 months old. Feces samples were tested for Rotavirus antigen by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Of the 112 feces samples examined by ELISA 10 samp...

Predator odors are non-intrusive natural stressors of high ethological relevance. The objective of this study was to investigate the processing of a chronic, life-threatening stimulus during repeated prolonged presentation to Brandt's voles. One hundred and twenty voles were tested by repeated presentation of cat feces in a defensive withdrawal apparatus. Voles exposed to feces for short period...

Cattle are an important reservoir of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O26, O111, and O157. The fate of these pathogens in bovine feces at 5, 15, and 25 degrees C was examined. The feces of a cow naturally infected with STEC O26:H11 and two STEC-free cows were studied. STEC O26, O111, and O157 were inoculated into bovine feces at 10(1), 10(3), and 10(5) CFU/g. All three pathogens su...

Males and females often differ in their susceptibility and exposure to infection. Thus, they may also differ in their ability to avoid infection. The beetle, Tenebrio molitor, risks infection with cysticercoids when ingesting rat feces containing eggs of the tapeworm, Hymenolepis diminuta. Previous studies demonstrated that beetles sometimes prefer infective feces suggesting that the tapeworm i...

Experiments were conducted to evaluate novaluron as a feed-through larvicide to control immature phlebotomine sand flies (Phlebotomus papatasi Scopoli) (Diptera: Psychodidae). The minimum effective concentration of novaluron against sand fly larvae fed hamster feces treated with novaluron, or feces of hamsters fed a diet containing novaluron, was 9.88 and 9.88 x 10(-1) mg/kg, respectively. Fece...