Tuberculosis (TB) has made a comeback. It has become a resurgent public health problem in developing countries in the tropics and is the leading cause of death from any single infectious agent. Non-compliance to anti-tuberculosis treatment is the most serious problem in TB control. A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the determinants of poor compliance with anti-tuberculosis tr...

An increase in morbidity associated with visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/AIDS patients has been described in Africa and the Mediterranean. Despite the high endemicity of VL and HIV-1/AIDS in Brazil, this association has not been thoroughly investigated. Our aim was to evaluate the epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of VL-HIV-1/AIDS cases from Central-we...

Background In 2011 and 2012 Romania registered a significant increase in the number of intravenous drug users (IVDUs) along with a change in the use pattern, namely the replacement of heroin with the so called “new drugs”. These are mostly synthetic cannabinoids and cathiones. Within this context, the share of new IVDU-HIV cases expanded from 3% in 2010 to 29% in 2012. Our objective was to obse...

In November 1989, a man with a history of intravenous (IV)-drug use first presented to the tuberculosis (TB) clinic of the Muskegon County (Michigan) Health Department (MCHD). The patient indicated that he had been treated for pulmonary TB in another city, and he produced for clinic staff his labeled medications, which included isoniazid (INH), rifampin (RIF), and ethambutol (EMB). The patient ...

BACKGROUND Various routes have been reported with respect to the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from one individual to another. But it is not clear whether they alter the clinical expression of the disease. This study was conducted to know whether there exists any difference in the occurrence of periodontal lesions among untreated HIV subjects who acquired the disease either...

Objective: We report a case of self inserted needle into the left ventricle heart and description our surgical intervention in psychiatric patient without decision-making capacity. discuss issues regarding obtaining consent this with sub-acute presentation, operative approach, summarize treatment approach based on review current literature. Methods: A PubMed search using terms “needle, “heart”,...

Human Herpes virus type-8 (HHV-8) seroprevalence was studied in a population of HIV positive intravenous drug users (IVDUs) from Argentina. Analysis of this population also indirectly made it possible to study HHV-8 blood transmission, because these individuals frequently engage in needle sharing behavior and are capable of acquiring a broad array of blood borne pathogens, including Hepatitis B...

INTRODUCTION Hepatitis C constitutes a major public health burden. In Portugal, the prevalence is estimated at 1-1.5% (1). Of these, only 30% are presumed to be diagnosed, which reveals that most infections go unknown. The objective of this study is to identify the age-range distribution at HCV diagnosis and to identify the high-prevalence birth groups that could be targeted for screening, as a...

Poor immune status, the use of a vascular access different from an AV fistula, and intravenous drug use (IDU) may favor increased rates of vascular access infections among HIV infected patients on hemodialysis. Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are the main cause of these infections, but Gram-negative rods and fungi have been found as well. Using an AV fistula when possible, and elicit...