Nine patients with duodenal pseudomelanosis are described: seven had endstage renal failure while one other patient had undergone renal transplantation. Eight of the nine had been on oral iron supplements. The pigment stained positively with Perls' stain for iron in five patients, positively with the Masson-Fontana method normally used to identify melanin in one, and positively with both method...

In the Chinese national nutrition surveys, fortified foods were not investigated separately from the base diet, and the contribution of fortified foods to micronutrients intake is not very clear. This study investigated the diet, including fortified foods and food supplements, of urban pregnant women and analyzed the intake of calcium, iron, and zinc to assess the corresponding contributions of...

OBJECTIVES To examine the prevalence and determinants of iron supplement use and the amount of iron consumed from iron-containing supplements. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was performed in antenatal clinics in two tertiary hospitals in Sydney, Australia between January and March 2014. RESULTS Of 612 (91% response rate) pregnant women, 589 with complete data were analysed. Overall iron-c...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether prophylactic oral iron supplements (320 mg twice daily) would protect women from iron deficiency and anemia after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. DESIGN Prospective, double-blind, randomized study in which 29 patients received oral iron and 27 patients received a placebo beginning 1 month after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. SETTING Tertiary care medical center. PATIEN...

Around one-quarter of the world’s children suffer from iron deficiency anemia, and many of them live in malaria-endemic areas. However, there is evidence that iron supplements can increase risk of severe malaria morbidity. The dilemma is how to move forward with interventions to prevent iron deficiency and its consequences in young children, using strategies that minimize risks of malaria and r...

Vitamin and mineral supplements are frequently used by competitive and recreational athletes. Dietary deficiencies of most vitamins are not very common among athletes except in those who restrict their food intake in order to maintain body weight. Vitamins most likely to be deficient in the diet are folate, B6, B12, and E. Biochemical evidence of vitamin deficiencies in some athletes have been ...

proper feeding is necessary to have appropriate growth, health and also to increase resistance to inappropriate condition such as stressors and diseases. therefore mineral and vitamin supplements are added to fish diet to improve its growth and health. food supplements have different roles in diet. these cause better food metabolism, higher hardness and strength of bones, better ionic exchanges...

BACKGROUND Iron poisoning is a major cause of unintentional poisoning death in young children. The US Food and Drug Administration proclaimed a regulation for unit-dose packaging of iron supplements in 1997. OBJECTIVE To determine whether the requirement for unit-dose packaging of iron supplements decreases the incidence of iron ingestion and the incidence of deaths due to iron poisoning in c...

BACKGROUND Post-transplant anaemia remains a common problem after kidney transplantation, with an incidence ranging from nearly 80% at day 0 to about 25% at 1 year. It has been associated with poor graft outcome, and recently has also been shown to be associated with increased mortality.Our transplant unit routinely administers oral iron supplements to renal transplant recipients but this is fr...