BACKGROUND Physical exercise is an important tool for the improvement of endothelial function. OBJECTIVE To assess the effects of acute dynamic resistance exercise on the endothelial function of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). METHODS Ten minutes after exercise, the aorta was removed to evaluate the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), phosphorylated endothelial ni...

We sought to identify the appropriate exercise intensity for unbiased comparisons of changes in rectal temperature (ΔTre) and local sweat rates (LSR) between groups unmatched for body size during uncompensable heat stress. Sixteen males vastly different in body morphology were separated into two equal groups [small (SM): 65.8 ± 6.2 kg, 1.8 ± 0.1 m2; large (LG): 100.0 ± 13.1 kg, 2.3 ± 0.1 m2], b...

The end-systolic pressure-volume relationship (ESPVR) has been shown to be an afterload-insensitive descriptor of ventricular inotropic state in the isolated heart. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of changes in afterload, heart rate, intravascular volume, autonomic tone, and inotropic state on the ESPVR in conscious dogs. In 30 dogs, left ventricular and pleural pressures w...

The aim of this review article is to discuss the Emax pharmacodynamic model. An essential component of drug development is to understand the dose-response relationship of a pharmaceutical compound under identical condition and find out an optimal dose to achieve targeted drug level for maximal desired pharmacological response. The current article represents the mathematical considerations of Em...

To identify possible mechanisms to explain differences between the maximum time-varying elastance (Emax) and end-systolic pressure-volume (Ees) slope values calculated with radionuclide angiography and to establish whether they have a relationship to heart size, we studied 16 dogs that were instrumented with micromanometer left ventricular catheters and had red blood cells tagged with technetiu...

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect two hydrogen peroxide concentrations, commonly used in In-Office bleaching, on surface roughness and color change different esthetic restorative materials. Materials Methods: Sixty disc samples (10 mm diameter 2 thickness) materials were constructed following manufacturers’ instructions. Samples classified into three main groups (n...

Sertoli cells constitute the structural framework in testis and provide an immune-privileged environment for germ cells. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells) resemble embryonic stem cells (ES cells) and are generated from somatic cells by expression of specific reprogramming transcription factors. Here, we used C57BL/6 (B6) Sertoli cells to generate iPS cells (Ser-iPS cells) and compared ...

We tested the ability of the slope (Emax) and the volume intercept (V0) ofthe end-systolic pressure-volume relationship (ESPVR) to indicate contractility changes in conscious dogs instrumented with sonomicrometers measuring left ventricular diameter in three orthogonal axes and a left ventricular pressure microtransducer. ESPVRs were generated by inferior vena caval occlusion under control cond...

We tested the ability of the slope (Emax) and the volume intercept (V0) ofthe end-systolic pressure-volume relationship (ESPVR) to indicate contractility changes in conscious dogs instrumented with sonomicrometers measuring left ventricular diameter in three orthogonal axes and a left ventricular pressure microtransducer. ESPVRs were generated by inferior vena caval occlusion under control cond...