We construct a mean-field variational model to study how the dependence of dielectric coefficient (i.e., relative permittivity) on local ionic concentrations affects the electrostatic interaction in an ionic solution near a charged surface. The electrostatic free-energy functional of ionic concentrations, which is the key object in our model, consists mainly of the electrostatic potential energ...

Here, we review two recent theoretical models in the field of ionic surfactant micelles and discuss the comparison of their predictions with experimental data. The first approach is based on the analysis of the stepwise thinning (stratification) of liquid films formed from micellar solutions. From the experimental step wise dependence of the film thickness on time, it is possible to determine t...

A new kind of ionic liquid based on the complexation of dipropyl sulfide (DPS) and AlCl3 has been prepared. The equivalent concentration of AlCl3 in the ionic liquid is as high as 2.3 M. More importantly, it is highly fluidic and exhibits an ambient ionic conductivity of 1.25 × 10(-4) S cm(-1). This new ionic liquid can be successfully used as an electrolyte for electrodeposition of aluminum.

Mechanistic analysis of the reaction between elemental sulfur or selenium and 1,3-dialkylimidazolium acetate ionic liquids, in the absence of an external base or solvent, affords evidence for the equilibrium presence of carbene species in these ionic liquids. It demonstrates the potential to control, through anion selection, the concentration of carbene in stable ionic liquids.

Lipid-associated ferritin from homogenates of guinea pig liver is released from its conjugate(s) by incubation with the non-ionic detergents Triton X-100 and Nonidet P-40 but not by incubation with the anionic detergent deoxycholate. The amount of lipid-associated ferritin released from its conjugate(s) depends on the concentration of the non-ionic detergents. At a final non-ionic detergent con...

The quantum yield, under non-photoreactivating conditions, for inactivation of tobacco mosaic virus RNA by ultraviolet radiation (254 nm.) is independent of the RNA concentration but varies appreciably with the ionic strength of the irradiation solvent, being approximately three times greater in water than in o-I M-potassium phosphate buffer. Photoreactivation of inactivated tobacco mosaic viru...

To better understand the potential toxicity of Se, it is necessary to know the concentration of different Se ionic species (e.g., Se032-and Se042-). The hydride generation atomic absorption spectrophotometry (HGAAS) method of Se analysis cannot separate Se into individual ionic species. Ion chromatography (IC) can determine Se032-and Se042-concentrations simultaneously; however, common anions, ...

The lithium ion-ion interactions in protic ionic liquids can be very different compared to those in aprotic ionic liquids. In this study we show that, for equal lithium ion concentration, the lithium coordination number in protic ionic liquids is lower than that in aprotic ones. This lower coordination makes lithium ions more "free" to move in protic ionic liquids and it might have an important...

a sensitive, selective and effective ionic liquid-based single drop microextraction technique was developed by using ionic liquid, 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, c6mimpf6, coupled with electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (etaas) for the determination of copper and silver in environmental samples. dithizone was used as chelating agent. several factors that influence t...