Invention activities are Productive Failure activities in which students attempt (and often fail) to invent methods that capture deep properties of a construct before being taught expert solutions. The current study evaluates the effect of scaffolding on the invention processes and outcomes, given that students are not expected to succeed in their inquiry and that all students receive subsequen...

The present invention is in the field of bioinformatics, particularly as it pertains to gene prediction. More specifically, the invention relates to the probabilistic analysis of nucleic acid sequences for the determination of coding features, including determination of state probabilities for each nucleotide in a nucleic acid sequence, determination of coding strand, determination of open read...

In this paper, I discuss needs for openness of design information and methods to realize it. I argue why design information should be open and what benefits will result by opening and sharing design information. In software design, open source software is getting accepted as a way of developing software products. I overview it and analyze how it can be applied to artifact design. Then I discuss...

IntroductIon Today's economy is characterized by a rapid rate of change, globalization, and knowledge-intensive products. This makes knowledge management (KM) vital to organizations. The resource-based view of the firm postulates that a firm's profitability is not only a function of its market and competitive position but also a function of its internal capabilities and know-how in combining it...

Our Bodies, Ourselves, a succession to a pamphlet of resources pulled from co-ops of women in and around Boston, Massachusetts, was published in New York in 1973 by Simon and Schuster. Retitled from the original Women and Their Bodies, Our Bodies, Ourselves was an effort by a group of educated, middle class women to reinforce women's ownership of their bodies. There have been eight editions of ...

Our Bodies, Ourselves, a succession to a pamphlet of resources pulled from co-ops of women in and around Boston, Massachusetts, was published in New York in 1973 by Simon and Schuster. Retitled from the original Women and Their Bodies, Our Bodies, Ourselves was an effort by a group of educated, middle class women to reinforce women's ownership of their bodies. There have been eight editions of ...

This case study analyzes the invention of the telephone by Alexan-der Graham Bell. But to understand this act of creative design, we have to analyze Bell's earlier research goals. We abstract Bell's research method and the reasoning mechanisms he used that appear time and again in long-term creative problem solving and design. 1 Case Study This case study analyzes some important reasoning steps...

Our Bodies, Ourselves, a succession to a pamphlet of resources pulled from co-ops of women in and around Boston, Massachusetts, was published in New York in 1973 by Simon and Schuster. Retitled from the original Women and Their Bodies, Our Bodies, Ourselves was an effort by a group of educated, middle class women to reinforce women's ownership of their bodies. There have been eight editions of ...

presented to the world in french academy of science on 1839, photography foundations were laid centuries ago. as documents suggest, the invention of photography was not the outcome of creativity and efforts of an individual or a group of people, but the result of a need by the people living in a specific geographical territory, sharing the same concerns. in fact, the foundations of photography ...

granting of intellectual property rights on biological materials could be very contentious issue from cultural, legal, ethical and religious points of view. this could be even more complicated, once it acquires an international dimension. the agreement on trade related intellectual property rights (trips) is the latest international arrangement under which, a complex structure for international...