One of the important parts of innate immunity is complement system that occurs in three different ways; the classic, the alternative and the lectin pathway. The four pattern recognition molecules that have been identified till now are Mannose binding lectin (MBL), a component of lectin pathway, and three ficolins (ficolin1,-2 and -3) which compound to the carbohydrates of the cell surface. MBL ...

how to cite this article: paul sp, ahmed s, painless loss of vision as the first presentation of undiagnosed neurofibromatosis 1 in a child. iran j child neurol. autumn 2015;9(4):58-60. abstract objective a 10 year old presented with painless loss of vision as the first manifestation of neurofibromatosis 1 (nf1). clinical assessment detected diagnostic features of nf1 and magnetic resonance ima...

Objective(s): Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) play a key role in the pathogenesis of diabetic vascular disease. Our current study sought to explore the effects of tanshinone IIA on the proliferation and migration of VSMCs induced by advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Materials and Methods: In this study, we examined the effects of tanshinone IIA by cell proliferation assay and cell mi...

coq10 and lycopene are isoprenoid compounds with nutraceutical and pharmaceutical benefits. in this study, the effect of concomitant lycopene biosynthesis on coq10 accumulation in transformed escherichia coli dh5α was studied. a lycopene production pathway including geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase (crte), phytoene synthase (crtb), and phytoene desaturase (crti) from erwinia herbicola was co...

background: complete atrioventricular block (av block) is a serious complication of slow pathway ablation therapy in the treatment of atrioventricular nodal re-entrant tachycardia (avnrt).   the present study was aimed at determining whether the electroanatomical pace mapping of koch’s triangle could significantly improve the safety, efficiency, and efficacy of selective slow pathway ablation i...

Objective(s): AMP-activated protein kinase/sirtuin 1 (AMPK/SIRT1) signaling pathway has been proved to be involved in the regulation of autophagy in various models. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of AMPK/SIRT1 pathway on autophagy after spinal cord injury (SCI). Materials and Methods:The SCI model was established in rats in vivo and the primary spinal cord neurons were subject...

hedgehog signalling pathway has not only a critical role in cell proliferation, differentiation and tissue polarity at embryonic period but also has a vital role in stem cell proliferation, tissue healing and carcinogenesis. recent research has increased our understanding of this pathway and its relation to other signalling pathways. in addition, a large number of studies confirmed the alterati...

objective(s): the link between a hyperglycemic intrauterine environment and the development of diabetes later in life has been observed in offspring exposed to gestational diabetes mellitus (gdm), but the underlying mechanisms for this phenomenon are still not clear. reduced β-cells mass is a determinant in the development of diabetes (type 1 and type 2 diabetes). some recent studies have provi...