Oceanic internal waves play an important role in fishing activities and the safety of oil drilling platforms, as well as the navy’s antisubmarine warfare (ASW) and the safety of submarines. Due to its characteristics of relatively all weather capability, Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images became popular in observing the appearance of oceanic internal waves recently. The purpose of this study...

Internal waves are a complex phenomena that affect both the atmosphere and the ocean. Internal wave generation occurs uniquely in fluids which are stratified, or have varying density with respect to height. The natural frequency (N) is a fluid property that is defined by the rate of density change within the fluid. Internal waves are generated in stratified fluids when an excitation frequency (...

Oscillatory tides flowing over rough topography on the ocean floor generate internal gravity waves, which are a major source of ocean mixing. Linear inviscid theory can describe waves generated by gentle topography with slopes that are less steep than the propagation angle of the internal waves; such topography is termed subcritical. However, a clear physical picture of internal waves generated...

High-resolution global ocean models forced by atmospheric fields and tides are beginning to display realistic internal gravity wave spectra, especially as model resolution increases. This paper examines internal waves in global simulations with 0.08° and 0.04° (~8 and 4 km) horizontal resolutions, respectively. Frequency spectra of internal wave horizontal kinetic energy in the North Pacific li...

It is well-known that internal waves can propagate downwards in the interior of the oceanic (e.g. Gill, 1982) and this process has been studied experimentally in the laboratory (e.g. Stevens and Imberger, 1994). Moreover, it is well-known that a monochromatic internal wave is an exact solution of the fully nonlinear Euler equations for a stratified fluid (in the Boussinesq approximation) with a...

The energy exchange between internal waves and barotropic currents over inclined bottom topography is studied theoretically and in the framework of the numerical model. The energy balance equation derived for a continuously stratified fluid predicts that energy can either be transferred toward or away from the internal wave depending on the direction of propagation of both the wave and current....

Away from surface and bottom boundary layers turbulent mixing is primarily driven by breaking internal waves. While internal wave energy is generated mostly in the form of large-scale waves (typically internal tides), it is the smallest-scale internal waves that break through shear or convective instabilities to produce turbulence. When waves are reasonably linear (as opposed to, for example, s...

A novel canonical Hamiltonian formalism is developed for long internal waves in a rotating environment. This includes the effects of background vorticity and shear on the waves. By restricting consideration to flows in hydrostatic balance, superimposed on a horizontally uniform background of vertical shear and vorticity, a particularly simple Hamiltonian structure arises, which can be thought o...

Ocean waters often show layered structures especially where exchange flow between two basins occurs. These structures are often attributed to processes such as double.diffusive convection, internal waves, turbulent modulated mixing. In this paper by examining the vertical structures of temperature, salinity and density, of the middle parts of Caspian Sea it is shown that such layered structure ...