precision forging process is widely used for the production of spur gears due to its advantages such asimproved strength and surface finish, little waste of materials and reduction in the machining time ofthe gear. an important aspect of precision forging process is the load required to perform the processsuccessfully and design the forging tools. in this research, a new kinematically admissibl...

Recently, bicycles are used as exercising machines and traffic vehicles. Planetary gear trains can be used as the transmission systems for bicycles. The purpose of this work is to propose a design methodology for the kinematic design of automatic gear transmissions with planetary gear trains for bicycles. First, applying the check list method (combining and extending methods), the design concep...

Time for a Change For many years, the U.S. system of gear accuracy tolerances has been provided by AGMA 2000-A88, Gear Classification and Inspection Handbook. This document has been commonly used for gear accuracy specifications in contractual agreements for vendor-supplied gears. Also, it has often been used as the basis of internal company gear tolerance systems. The material within AGMA 2000...

Hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) enable higher fuel-efficiency compared to conventional vehicles. The main potential for fuel efficiency lies in the choice of torque split between the internal combustion engine and the electric motor and the gear shifting strategy. In the framework of a predictive control strategy, the vehicle velocity can be considered as another degree of freedom. To achieve mi...