In the context of practical reasoning, such as decision making and negotiation, it is necessary to model preferences over possible outcomes. Such preferences usually depend on multiple criteria. We argue that the criteria by which outcomes are evaluated should be the satisfaction of a person’s underlying interests: the more an outcome satisfies his interests, the more preferred it is. Underlyin...

Hume developed an original and revolutionary theoretical paradigm for explaining the spontaneous emergence of the classic conventions of justice—stable possession, transference of property by consent, and the obligation to fulfill promises. In a scenario of scarce external resources, Hume’s central idea is that the development of the rules of justice responds to a sense of common interest that ...

This article examines the foundations for legitimacy of law from perspective Hegel’s philosophy. In a first step, Kant’s justification is discussed, as Hegel takes Kantian model central point (critical) reference. Then, in Section 2, I discuss reasons rejecting main strategies legal order: natural law, contractarianism and positivism. further followed by discussion meaning scope contextualism, ...

Free-floating carsharing is a young and rapidly expanding market that allows customers to end their rentals anywhere within the business area of the provider. Through this flexibility it complements public transportation and reduces the environmental footprint of the transportation sector. We present a novel data analytics methodology that supports companies – from local start-ups to global pla...

Contractarianism, as a general approach to moral and political thought, has had a long and distinguished history -its roots are easily traced as far back as Plato's Republic, where Glaucon advanced it as a view of justice, and its influential representatives include Pufendorf, Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau, Hume, and Kant. In various ways, to various purposes, and against the background of various as...

In bis recent contribution to the literature on the moral status of animals, Peter Carruthers argues that "some version of contractualism provides us with the most acceptable framework for moral theory," and be defends two central claims about sucb a theory: that it provides "a theoretical framework that accords full moral standing to all human beings, while non-arbitrarily withholding such sta...