Considering the sequential clearing of energy and reserves in Europe, enabling inter-area reserve exchange requires optimally allocating transmission capacities between these two markets. To achieve this, we provide a market-based allocation framework derive payments with desirable properties. The proposed min-max least core selecting individual rationality, budget balance, approximate incentiv...

The establishment of a single European day-ahead market has accomplished the integration regional markets. However, reserve provision and activation remain an exclusive responsibility operators. This limited spatial coordination separated structure hinder efficient utilization flexible generation transmission, since their capacities have to be ex-ante allocated between energy reserves. To promo...

the objective of this study was to obtain relationships between plant leaf area (cm2plant-1) with leaf dry weight (g plant-1), vegetative dry weight (g plant-1) and plant height (cm) in faba bean (vicia faba l.). the experiment was conducted at the research farm of gorgan university of agricultural sciences in 2011-2012 growing season. the experimental design was a randomized complete block des...

It has been suggested that synchronization of neural activity in distinct areas of the brain is important in the 'perceptual binding' of the various features relating to a specific object. A recent study has provided new evidence that inter-area synchronization is important in multisensory integration.

Moore’s Law is a commonly accepted empirical relation that predicts the operating speed of an integrated circuits will double every 18 months. However, as the operating speed and functionality increases, the need to move data onto and off of the processor is increasing at a comparable rate, which is quantified using another empirical relation known as Rent’s Rule. Unfortunately, Rent’s rule sta...

Railway dispatchers reschedule trains in real-time in order to limit the propagation of disturbances and to regulate traffic in their respective dispatching areas by minimizing the deviation from the off-line timetable. However, the decisions taken in one area may influence the quality and even the feasibility of train schedules in the other areas. Regional control centers coordinate the dispat...